3: TRAITS Flashcards
Traits as Internal Causal Properties
Traits are an internal disposition, traits cause behaviour but don’t always need to to be considered
Traits as descriptive summary
Traits are categories of acts, doesn’t mention internality or causality
(Descriptive Summary View) Act Frequency Research
- Act nomination: identify what acts belong in what categories
- Prototypicality Judgment: identify which acts we are typical of in each category
- Recording of act performance
Evaluation of Act Frequency Research and descriptive summaries
Is it applicable to covert acts? How much context is included in description of the act? Does define some behaviours
Lexical Approach
- Important individual differences have become encoded in our natural language, differences are noticed and words are made for them. Important for people in communication
Criteria for Identifying Important Traits Lexically
Synonym Frequency, Cross cultural universality. Remember personality is not just described in adjectives
Statistical Approach
Important Traits come from the end dimensions of data. Reduces array of factors into more useful organized ones
Eysenck’s Model
PEN: Highly heritable traits
Traits should be identifiable in the brain and CNS (E is arousal, N is its changeability)
Unfortunately he missed other traits that aren’t heritable
Wiggins’ Interpersonal Model
Using lexical. Interpersonal is the interactions and exchanges among people defined by Dominance and Love
Relationships in the Circumplex
Adjacency: How close traits are
Bipolarity: Opposite side traits are negatively correlated
Orthogonality: 90 degree separation of traits are entirely unrelated (dominance, agreeableness)
Goldberg’s Big 5
What is the identity of 5? What are the correlations? Are there dimensions missing?
