3. The Evidence for Evolution

Question 1

Transitional Fossils

Answer 1

provide an understanding of evolutionary history and common ancestry with other species (“Fishapod” Tiktaalik roseae)

Question 2

Intermediate forms

Answer 2

there is evidence of common ancestors with linking features of current & extinct organisms

Question 2

Intermediate forms

Answer 2

there is evidence of common ancestors with linking features of current & extinct organisms

Question 3

Vestigial Organs/ characters (Homology)

Answer 3

evidence of evolution/adaptation of natural selection (ie: flightless birds- ancestors had wings but slowly lost them due to lack of use) (ie: blind cavefish- having eyes were an energy cost with no benefit)

Question 4

Adaptive radiation

Answer 4

a process in which organisms diversify rapidly from an ancestral species into a multitude of new forms
1) Originates from single common ancestor
2) Results in an array of many species
3) Species differ in traits allowing exploitation of a range of habits and resources

Question 5

4 Features commonly identify an adaptive radiation

Answer 5

1) Recent common ancestry from a single species
2) Phenotype-environment correlation
3) Trait utility
4) Rapid speciation

Question 6

Endemism

Answer 6

species are found in one distinct geographic location

Question 7

Pair of Alleles

Answer 7

Bb bb, BB

Question 8

Genotypes

Answer 8

refers to exact pairing of alleles (B- blue eyes, b- green eyes: 3 possible genotypes: BB, Bb and bb) *Not the expression of trait

Question 9

Phenotypes

Answer 9

refers to the expression of the trait (2 possible phenotypes: BB & Bb- blue eyes, bb- Green eyes)

Question 10

Genome

Answer 10

the entire organism’s DNA