10. Phylogenetics & Macroevolution

Question 1

Carolus Linnaeus

Answer 1

The “father” of taxonomy, binomial nomenclature

Question 2

Taxon

Answer 2

A single named taxonomic unit at any level

Question 3

Taxonomy

Answer 3

The theory & practice of classification and naming (like vocab and spelling)

Question 4

Systematics

Answer 4

the study of biodiversity & the evolutionary relationships among organisms (like the grammar of taxonomy)

Question 5

Monophyletic group

Answer 5

complete set of species derived from a common ancestor

Question 6

Paraphyletic group

Answer 6

contains some, but not all species derived from a common ancestor

Question 7

Ancestral trait

Answer 7

a trait shared with a common ancestor

Question 8

Derives trait

Answer 8

a trait that differs from the ancestral trait in a lineage

Question 9

Homology

Answer 9

similarity of traits due to shared ancestry

Question 10

Homoplasy

Answer 10

similarity of traits as a result of convergent evolution

Question 11

Convergent evolution

Answer 11

the independent evolution of structures that resemble one another and perform similar functional roles due to the shared ecology of unrelated organisms

Question 12

Diversification=

Answer 12

Speciation - Extinction