3. The bases of human behaviour

Question 1

what is evolutionary perspective behind behaviour ?

Answer 1

natural selection :: traits that are associated with high rate of survival are passed to next generation

“inclusive fitness”,

dominance motivation (not related to behaviour though)

epigenetics

Question 2

different ways through which behaviour transfer from one generation to another

Answer 2

evolutionary perspective
biological
cultural

Question 3

example of culture affecting behaviour

Answer 3

independent person liking society vs society person kind of person (western vs eastern society)

Question 4

component of biological perspective ?

Answer 4

gene
brain parts and their function each
endocrine gland

Question 5

function of

cerebellum
Hippocampus
amygdala
Cerebrum

Answer 5

cerebellum :: store muscle memory
Hippocampus :: long term memory
amygdala :: emotional behaviour
cerebrum :: high cognitive process

Question 6

hemisphere of cerebrum and their functions

Answer 6

• left hemisphere :: language behaviour

- right hemisphere :: image , spatial , pattern recognition

Question 7

lobes of cerebrum and their function ?

Answer 7

Frontal lobe :: attention , thinking , memory

parietal lobe :: auditory sensation and their coordination

temporal lobe :: process stimulation

Occipital lobe :: visual info interpretation

Question 8

different endocrine glands

Answer 8

pituitary gland
thyroid
Adrenal

Question 9

function of
pituitary gland
thyroid
Adrenal

Answer 9

pituitary gland
growth hormone
regulate endocrine gland

thyroid
metabolic rate
sexual development

Adrenal
corticoids :: balance stress level.. heart rate etc
Epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 10

example of culture regulating human behaviour?

Answer 10

food eating .. veg , non veg

Question 11

define
dual inheritance
genetic preparedness

Answer 11

genetic preparedness ::genes give base skill that help in learning more complex skill so as to best adapt to situation

Question 12

define
dual inheritance
genetic preparedness

Answer 12

genetic preparedness ::genes give base skill that help in learning more complex skill so as to best adapt to situation

evolution involve both genetic and cultural transmission (dual heritance)

Question 13

different ways cultural transmission in humans

Answer 13

intergenerational learning

• cultural parents :: influence by people around us not just parents this help in diversify behaviour

cross generation influence :: through ideas passed down

Question 14

what is need of cultural transmission

Answer 14

social animals :: Maslow hierarchy

adopt in society and play a major role in it

Question 15

define culture ?

Answer 15

cultural are beliefs that help us increase our chance of survival in that society

cultural evolution

Question 16

what are the mechanism through which behaviour is transferred through culture?

Answer 16

Enculturation

Socialization

Acculturation

Question 17

Enculturation

Answer 17

learning that occurs in human life because of its availability in our socio-cultural context.

example :: cooking

learning take place through culture

learning directly affected by previous generation

Question 18

Socialization

Answer 18

individuals acquire knowledge, skills and dispositions, which enable them to participate as effective members of groups and society

socialization is not smooth person initially faces lots of conflicts

better adapt to society

behaviour that are rewarded increase in frequency

enculturation is unconscious effort while socialisation is both deliberate and unconscious

Question 19

acculturation

Answer 19

assimilation to a different culture, typically the dominant one

re-socialisation

multidirectional

means to adapt temporarily

Question 20

different types of end result ?

Answer 20

assimilation

integration

marginalisation

separation

Question 21

While genes write the script of biological transmissions, memes write the script of cultural transmissions.

Answer 21

nothing

Question 22

Nature vs nurture

Answer 22

tell study