1.What is Psychology? Flashcards

1
Q

define psychology

A

psychology is defined formally as a science of mental processes (cognism) and behaviour (behaviourism) and how they are affected /affect by our experience

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2
Q

define mental processes

A

activities happening in mind schema which emerges as a result of interactions of experiences with environment

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3
Q

mind activities vs brain activities

example

A

mind activities :: association , grouping , assertion

brain activities :: neural signals , brain waves changes

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4
Q

example of mental process

A

remembering, learning, knowing, perceiving.

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5
Q

define behaviour

A

behaviour as an association between stimulus (S) and response (R)

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6
Q

types of behaviour

A

overt / covert

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7
Q

Psychology as science

A
scientific exp. method 
     minimum bias 
      objective 
      systematic 
      verifiable 
 biological principles
Cause - effect relationship
hypothetico - deductive model 
evolutionary approach
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8
Q

psychology as social science

A

multiple cause and effect
subjectivity
humans as social beings
increased role of culture and society but in science it is nil

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9
Q

who gave unified theory of brain

A

Sperry & Penrose

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10
Q

What is phantom arm and duplicate parent experience ?

What does they prove ?

A

prove that their is an entity other than brain . that is mind

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11
Q

what is positive visualization technique ?

its uses ?

A

unclog blocked arteries

fight fear psychosis

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12
Q

how to improve immune system?

A

mind help in Psychoneuroimmunology ?

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13
Q

popular notion which may not be true

A

men more intelligent than women

student who were taught one by one vs students who were given question randomly

one is not able to give one’s best if you are asked to perform before a large audience.

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14
Q

popular notion which may not be true

A

men more intelligent than women

student who were taught one by one vs students who were given question randomly

one is not able to give one’s best if you are asked to perform before a large audience.

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15
Q

structuralism

A
first lab 
Wilhelm Wundt.
break consciousness in part 
introspection 
criticism
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16
Q

functionalism

A

William James
function of consciousness
John dewey
darwin - evolutionary psychology

17
Q

gestalt

A
wolfgang kholer , kurt Koffka 
study mind and behaviour together
organisation of perceptual experiences
sum more than its component 
example :: movie 
figure ground relationship
laws
18
Q

different laws in gestalt

A

proximity
closure
pragnaz /simplicity
familiarity

19
Q

behaviourism

A

Ivan pavlov , BF skinner
focus on observable and verifiable
overt behaviour to be studied
Objectivity

20
Q

psychoanalysis

A

Sigmund Freud
behaviour = unconscious desires and conflicts.
treat psychological disorder
gratification wanting being
mind = con , sub , uncon
methods = free association , dream interpretation
3 working force = ego , super , ID

21
Q

Humanistic

A

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow
human free will , striving to grow and achieve their inner potential

methods = client centered therapy , unconditional positive regards

need hierarchy model- maslow

22
Q

Cognitive

A

human mind as an information processing system

constructivism

exp to prove mental pprocess exist

23
Q

development of psychology in india

A

1915 –> first psychology lab
1916 –> dept at culcutta university

1938, Department of Applied Psychology established in Calcutta University.

Dr. N.N. Sengupta –> trained in structuralism from USA.

currently , There are two centers of excellence in psychology

Psychology in a Third World Country: The Indian Experience –> Durganand Sinha.

24
Q

development of psychology in india

A

1915 –> first psychology lab
1916 –> dept at culcutta university

1938, Department of Applied Psychology established in Calcutta University.

Dr. N.N. Sengupta –> trained in structuralism from USA.

currently , There are two centers of excellence in psychology

Psychology in a Third World Country: The Indian Experience –> Durganand Sinha.

25
Q

Branches of psychology

A
Cognitive 
Biological 
Neuropsychology 
Developmental 
Social 
Cross-cultural 
Environmental 
Health 
Clinical and Counselling
Industrial/Organisational
Educational 
Sports
26
Q

who gave B= G*E

A

kurt lewis

27
Q

Themes of research

A

gene vs env
cause effect relationship
universal vs customise principles
can human behaviour be modified

28
Q

nobel prize

A

used data on consumer sentiments to predict economic growth

H. Simon and co.

https://www.investopedia.com/articles/fundamental/103002.asp