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*Buiding Con > 3. Structual Design Features Of Buildings > Flashcards

3. Structual Design Features Of Buildings Flashcards

1
Q

The forces within a structure support system that resist applied loads are refers to as ____

A

Reactions R

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2
Q

When a structural support system can support a load equal to or greater than the applied loads L, ____ exists

A

Equilibrium

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3
Q

$$$

Pulls the material apart

A

Tension

Tension stress

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4
Q

Squeezes the material

A

Compression

Compressive stress

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5
Q

Slides one plane of a material past an adjacent plane

A

Shear

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6
Q

External load alignments:

A

Axial
Eccentric
Torsional

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7
Q

$$$

Load applied to the center of the cross section of a member and perpendicular to that cross section

A

Axial

Tensile or compressive

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8
Q

Load perpendicular to the cross section of the structural member, but which does not pass through the center of the cross section.

A

Eccentric

Tensile and compressive

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9
Q

Load applied off center from the cross section of the structural component and at an angle to or in the same plane as the cross section

A

Torsional

Twisting effect
Shear

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10
Q

A ratio of the failure point of the material to the maximum supportable design stress is added to the minimum required strength as a ____

A

Factor or safety

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11
Q

A ___ load is fixed in location and quantifiable

A

Dead load

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12
Q

A ___ load is not fixed or permanent.

A

Live

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13
Q

___ loads are steady or are applied gradually

A

Static

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14
Q

___ loads involve motion and are capable of delivering energy greatly in excess of the weight of the object involved.

A

Dynamic

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15
Q

Kinetic energy of a falling object

A

E= 1/2mv^2

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16
Q

Kinetic energy of wind

A

E=1/2mv^2

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17
Q

$$$

____ pressure: Straight line winds apply force to a surface

A

Direct pressure

Primary consideration

18
Q

Wind flowing around the object may catch along a building surface

A

Drag

19
Q

____ pressure: wind may produce. Auction effect on the downwind side of the building resulting in outward pressure.

A

Negative

20
Q

$$$

Wind may cause the building to sway in a back and forth motion

A

Rocking

21
Q

Wind passing over a surface, suck as a roof, may Shake the surface

A

Vibration

22
Q

Wind may dislodge or move objects from a building surface

A

Clean off

23
Q

In designing buildings to withstand wind forces, ____ pressure is used as the primary consideration

A

Direct pressure

24
Q

In buildings with height variations or large floor plans, seismic ___ joints can be added to increase the flexibility of the connection.

A

Expansion

25
Q

___ mechanisms absorb resonant energy as the structure begins to move.

A

Damping

26
Q

____ ____ isolates the building from the horizontal movement of the earths surface.

A

Base isolation

27
Q

The pressure exerted by the soil against the foundation is known as the ___ soil pressure.

The force of the foundation against the soil is known as the ___ soil pressure.

A

Active

Passive

28
Q

A ___ is a structural member that carries loads perpendicular to its longitudinal dimensions.

A

Beam

29
Q

___ ____ beams: Support be earth both ends and free to rotate. A wood joist resting on a masonry wall is an ex.

A

Simply supported beams

30
Q

___ beams: Rigidly supported at each end. Under fire conditions beam may retain its load bearing ability longer than a simply supported beam.

A

Restrained

31
Q

___ beams: supported at one end, must be able to support a vertical load in addition to resisting Bending Stress. Often support balconies

A

Cantilever

32
Q

___ beams: Similar to cantilever beams but with additional support.

A

Overhang beams

33
Q

___ beams: may span several vertical supports

A

Continuous

34
Q

The ___ flange of the beam carries compressive stresses and the ___ flange of the beam carries tensile stresses .

A

Top

Bottom

35
Q

___ are framed structural units made up of a group of triangles in one plane.

A

Trusses

36
Q

Studs are places __ to ___ Inches apart

A

12-16

37
Q

$$$

Post and beam post may be ___ x ___ inches when supporting roofs only.

A

6x8

38
Q

The force of ___ is the most common load imposed on a structure via the weight of the structures components, contents, and any occupancy activity.

A

Gravity

39
Q

___ are structural members designed to support an axial load

A

Columns

40
Q

___ Frame are three dimensional truss structures

A

Space frame

41
Q

___ Frame stricture system is characterized by columns and beams reinforced to transmit the bending stress through joints

A

Rigid frame

*Buiding Con (14 decks)

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