3. Structual Design Features Of Buildings

Question 1

The forces within a structure support system that resist applied loads are refers to as ____

Answer 1

Reactions R

Question 2

When a structural support system can support a load equal to or greater than the applied loads L, ____ exists

Answer 2

Equilibrium

Question 3

$$$

Pulls the material apart

Answer 3

Tension

Tension stress

Question 4

Squeezes the material

Answer 4

Compression

Compressive stress

Question 5

Slides one plane of a material past an adjacent plane

Answer 5

Shear

Question 6

External load alignments:

Answer 6

Axial
Eccentric
Torsional

Question 7

$$$

Load applied to the center of the cross section of a member and perpendicular to that cross section

Answer 7

Axial

Tensile or compressive

Question 8

Load perpendicular to the cross section of the structural member, but which does not pass through the center of the cross section.

Answer 8

Eccentric

Tensile and compressive

Question 9

Load applied off center from the cross section of the structural component and at an angle to or in the same plane as the cross section

Answer 9

Torsional

Twisting effect
Shear

Question 10

A ratio of the failure point of the material to the maximum supportable design stress is added to the minimum required strength as a ____

Answer 10

Factor or safety

Question 11

A ___ load is fixed in location and quantifiable

Answer 11

Dead load

Question 12

A ___ load is not fixed or permanent.

Answer 12

Live

Question 13

___ loads are steady or are applied gradually

Answer 13

Static

Question 14

___ loads involve motion and are capable of delivering energy greatly in excess of the weight of the object involved.

Answer 14

Dynamic

Question 15

Kinetic energy of a falling object

Answer 15

E= 1/2mv^2

Question 16

Kinetic energy of wind

Answer 16

E=1/2mv^2

Question 17

$$$

____ pressure: Straight line winds apply force to a surface

Answer 17

Direct pressure

Primary consideration

Question 18

Wind flowing around the object may catch along a building surface

Answer 18

Drag

Question 19

____ pressure: wind may produce. Auction effect on the downwind side of the building resulting in outward pressure.

Answer 19

Negative

Question 20

$$$

Wind may cause the building to sway in a back and forth motion

Answer 20

Rocking

Question 21

Wind passing over a surface, suck as a roof, may Shake the surface

Answer 21

Vibration

Question 22

Wind may dislodge or move objects from a building surface

Answer 22

Clean off

Question 23

In designing buildings to withstand wind forces, ____ pressure is used as the primary consideration

Answer 23

Direct pressure

Question 24

In buildings with height variations or large floor plans, seismic ___ joints can be added to increase the flexibility of the connection.

Answer 24

Expansion

Question 25

___ mechanisms absorb resonant energy as the structure begins to move.

Answer 25

Damping

Question 26

____ ____ isolates the building from the horizontal movement of the earths surface.

Answer 26

Base isolation

Question 27

The pressure exerted by the soil against the foundation is known as the ___ soil pressure. The force of the foundation against the soil is known as the ___ soil pressure.

Answer 27

Active Passive

Question 28

A ___ is a structural member that carries loads perpendicular to its longitudinal dimensions.

Answer 28

Beam

Question 29

___ ____ beams: Support be earth both ends and free to rotate. A wood joist resting on a masonry wall is an ex.

Answer 29

Simply supported beams

Question 30

___ beams: Rigidly supported at each end. Under fire conditions beam may retain its load bearing ability longer than a simply supported beam.

Answer 30

Restrained

Question 31

___ beams: supported at one end, must be able to support a vertical load in addition to resisting Bending Stress. Often support balconies

Answer 31

Cantilever

Question 32

___ beams: Similar to cantilever beams but with additional support.

Answer 32

Overhang beams

Question 33

___ beams: may span several vertical supports

Answer 33

Continuous

Question 34

The ___ flange of the beam carries compressive stresses and the ___ flange of the beam carries tensile stresses .

Answer 34

Top Bottom

Question 35

___ are framed structural units made up of a group of triangles in one plane.

Answer 35

Trusses

Question 36

Studs are places __ to ___ Inches apart

Answer 36

12-16

Question 37

$$$ Post and beam post may be ___ x ___ inches when supporting roofs only.

Answer 37

6x8

Question 38

The force of ___ is the most common load imposed on a structure via the weight of the structures components, contents, and any occupancy activity.

Answer 38

Gravity

Question 39

___ are structural members designed to support an axial load

Answer 39

Columns

Question 40

___ Frame are three dimensional truss structures

Answer 40

Space frame

Question 41

___ Frame stricture system is characterized by columns and beams reinforced to transmit the bending stress through joints

Answer 41

Rigid frame