3. Principles of Vaccine in Food Animals Flashcards
What are some major immune differences between cattle and swine?
Swine - more efficeny neutrophils, more t cell, less prone respiratory infection, better GALT, more from colostrum
Bovine - less efficenct neutrophils, rely on IgG, respiratory prone to stress, GI have rumen microflora
What are the different routes of vaccines?
IM
SQ
Mucosal - greater local immunity
Needle Free
What are some different types of vaccines?
Live
Modified Live
Killed
Toxoid - inactivated bacterial toxin
Bactrians
What are some pros and cons to Modified Live?
Pro: Faster immune response, longer duration, less dose, cheaper
Con: shed, bad pregnant, mutation, liable in heat/sun
What are some pros and cons to killed?
Pro: Good preg, less shedding
Con: Adjuvant, cost more, shorter immunity, slow onset
What are some management factors that interfere with vaccination?
Dairy: Fresh cow (milking stress)
Beef Cow: Weaning and Shipping
Stress and Environment (immunodeficient period)
Sickness
Maternal Antibodies
Pregnancy
What pathogens are vaccinated for in cattle?
Resp: IBR, BVD, BRSV, PI3, Manhemia Heamolytica, Pasturella Multocida, Histophilus Somni
Repro: IBR, BVD, Lepto , Brucella
Other: Colstridium C,D, Cheuvia, E.coli (ETEC)
What pathogens are vaccinated for in swine?
Resp: IAV, PRRS, Atropic Rhiniitis, Pasturella multiocida, mycoplasma pnumonia, AAP
Repro: PRSS, Porcine Parvo
Other: Many
What are your main immune responses?
Barriers - skin, mucosa, secretions
Innate Immunity - Humoral and cellular (Killer cells)
Adaptive Immunity - Humoral and cellular (T cell and B cell)
What is a vaccine?
Injection, pill or nasal spray to teach immune system to recognize and defend against pathogens
How does a vaccine work?
Vaccine - antigen presenting cell - tcall in lymph node - make t cell - TH1 (killers, macrophages, CD8) and TH2 (B cell and CD4) - antibody
What’s the difference between revaccination and a booster?
Revaccination - increase number protected
Booster- needed for drug efficacy
What is the goal of vaccination in food animal medicine?
Herd Immunity
-Minimize disease
-Prevent clinical disease
-Promote productivity
