3: Preparation for aseptic surgery Flashcards
Sterilization
destruction of all living organisms
Chemical indicators
do not provide time exposed to temperature
paper strips
non-irritating to the skin
effective against gram + and -
bactericidal
Chlorhexidine
Shelf life of double wrapped paper
Closed: 6 months
Open: 3 months
Most common agents used in chemical sterilization
ethylene oxide
Plasma
Biological indicator
truly indicates sterility
How should muslin be wrapped
double thickness
Heat
Can be dry or wet (100% humidity)
antiseptics that bind to idodine.
non-toxic
non-irritating
Iodophors
betadine
Steam sterilization
Uses pressure to reach high temps
permeates porous substances
autoclave
Shelf life of double wrapped muslin
Closed cabinet: 8 weeks
Open shelves: 4 weeks
Dry heat
oxidation process
slow
not common
Can you sterilize the skin
no
When antibacterial chemicals normally used on inanimate objects are also used on skin and wounds
antiseptics
Shelf life of plastic/paper pouches
Closed: 1 year
Open: 6 months
Filtration
separation of particulate matter from liquids and gasses
Cold sterilization
soaking instruments in disinfectant
not recommended
3 types of physical sterilization
Filtration
Radiation
Heat
Radiation
used when heat or chemicals don’t work
commercial pre-packaged suture
3 basic principles of aseptic techniques
1-prevent contamination of open wound
2-isolating the operative site from environment
3-creating a sterile field
Problems with ethylene oxide
explosive
poison
How long should you aerate before using instruments that were sterilized with ethylene oxide
48 hours
reduces the bacterial flora of the skin
residual antibacterial activity
may cause burns if used on large areas of skin
Iodine preparations
When do you use chemical sterilization
Delicate sharp edges
some plastics
optical viewing systems
Most common agents used for preop skin prep in dogs
Chlorhexidine and iodophor compounds
Disadvantages of iodophors
less effective in the presence of organic matter
dermal irritation
unreliable residual activity and toxicity
common alcohol rub skin antiseptic
Ethyl alcohol
3 types of sterility indicators
Physical
chemical
Biological
wet heat
denaturation of bacterial protein molecules
100% humidity
common
Flash autoclave
270 degrees
rubber things damaged
emergency
Physical indicators
built into sterilizer
thermometers
interior of surgical pack not monitored
Shelf life of sterile single wrapped muslin
closed: 1 week
Open shelves: 2 days
Disinfectant
agent that destroys or inactivates microorganisms
What should be included in surgical instrument packs sterilized
Not suture
gowns, towels, drapes folded specifically
