12: abdominal exploratory, small animal surgery Flashcards
advantages of laparotomy
full thickness intestinal biopsies
Oran biopsy/excision
can address hemostasis
direct visualization
Disadvantages of laparotomy
Increased morbidity pain anesthetic risk cost dehiscence infection
Diagnostic indications for abdominal exploratory surgery
Protein losing enteropahty
hepatopathy
suspected neoplasia
Why are abdominal exploratory surgeries performed
diagnostic/ therapeutic purposes
Layers of abdominal wall
Peritoneum
Transversis abdominus muscles
internal and external abdominal oblique muscles
rectus abdominus muslces
Major arterial blood supply to the abdomen
descending aorta
5 branches of descending aorta
celiac artery
right and left renal arteries
cranial and caudal mesenteric arteries
What is the blood supply for the spleen, pancreas, liver, stomach, and descending suodenum
Celiac artery
What supplies the small intestines and ascending nd transverse colon
cranial mesenteric artery
What supplies the descending colon
caudal mesenteric artery
What is the major conduit for venous return to the heart from the abdomen
Caudal vena cava
What is responsible for venous drainage of the GI
portal venous system
Patient prep steps
History exams Hematology, biochem, UA, imaging ASA score Stabilization Shave skin prep perioperative antibiotics
What’s in cranial quadrant
diaphragm
liver, gall bladder
stomach pancreas
Mid-abdomen
spleen
intestine
Caudal quadrant
colon
bladder
prostate/uterus
Abdominal gutters
kidneys
ureters
adrenal
ovaries
How much fluid in peritoneal lavage
50ml/kg
What do you need to retract to evaluate deep and lateral structures
mesoduodenum
descending colon
What must be included in every tissue bite during closure of the linea
external rectus sheath
-holding layer of the abdominal wall
