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Physics > 3. Physics Of Waves > Flashcards

3. Physics Of Waves Flashcards

1
Q

Longitudinal Waves

A

Direction of movement parallel/same direction to direction of oscillation.

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2
Q

Transverse Wave

A

Direction of movement perpendicular to direction of oscillation.

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3
Q

Example of Transverse waves

A
  • Light
  • Water
  • Rope
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4
Q

Example of Longitudinal waves

A
  • Sound

* Spring

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5
Q

Wavelength

A

Distance between two successive crests/troughs (Periode).

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6
Q

Frequency

A

Number of complete waves (Hertz).

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7
Q

Amplitude

A

Hight of crest/depth of trough measured at the center.

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8
Q

Time periode

A

Time taken for a wave to complete 1 cycle per wave.

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9
Q

Velocity

A

Distance traveled per second (m/s).

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10
Q

Wavefront

A
  • Location of all particles of the medium in the same state of vibration.
  • Perpendicular to wave direction.
  • Distance from one wavefront to next is wavelength.
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11
Q

Properties of Reflection

A 
Explanation: wave hits plane surface and gets reflected.  
•Frequency unchanged 
•Speed unchanged 
•Wavelength unchanged
•Direction changes
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12
Q

Refraction

A

Bending of waves towards the normal as it enters a denser medium.

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13
Q

Properties of Refraction

A
  • Angle of incident> Angle of refraction.
  • Speed changes
  • Wavelength changes
  • Frequency unchanged
  • Speed is greater in a gas (faster) than a solid (slow)
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14
Q

Properties of Diffraction

A

Explanation: wave spreads out when passing through a gap or edge of object.
•Wavelength unchanged
•Speed unchanged
•Frequency unchanged
•Wavelength = gap –> maximum diffraction.

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15
Q

Law of reflection

A

Angle of incident = Angle of refraction.

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16
Q

Real Image

A

Image that can be projected onto a screen.

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17
Q

Virtual Image

A

Image can not be projected onto a screen.

18
Q

Properties of image in plane mirror

A
  • Line joining object & image is perpendicular to the mirror.
  • Same size as the object.
  • Virtual image
  • Inverted
19
Q

Critical angle

A

Incident angle at which the angle of refraction is 90^•.

20
Q

Monochromatic light

A

Light of same colour and frequency.

21
Q

Compretion

A

Region of wave where particles are under high pressure.

22
Q

Refraction

A

Region of wave where particles are far apart and under low pressure.

23
Q

Convex / Concaving lens

A

Thicker at the middle than at the edges.

24
Q

Concave / Diverging lens

A

Thicker at edges than at the middle.

25
Q

Principal axis

A

Straight line that passes through the center of the lens.

26
Q

Aperture

A

Diameter of lens.

27
Q

Optical center

A

Point inside the lens situated on the principal axis. (Stipple line in lens)

28
Q

Focal point / Focus

A

Point at which incident rays parallel to the principal axis of the lens converges or appears to diverge after refraction.

29
Q

Focal length

A

Distance from the optical center (stipple line in lens) to the focus.

30
Q

Properties of Magnified image

A
  • Same side as object
  • Virtual image
  • Further from lens than object
  • Upright
  • Image is larger than object
31
Q

Speed of light

A

3x10*8 m/s

32
Q

Electromagnetic spectrum

A
  • Radio waves
  • Microwaves
  • Infrared
  • Visible light: Red, Yellow, Orange, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet
  • Ultraviolet
  • X-rays
  • Gamma rays
33
Q

Electromagnetic spectrum span

A

0.0001nm-100m

34
Q

Properties of Electromagnetic spectrum

A
  • Frequency increases form Radio waves -> Gamma rays

* Wavelength increases from Gamma rays -> Radio waves

35
Q

Range healthy human can hear?

A

20-20000Hz

36
Q

Ultrasound

A

High frequency sound waves.

37
Q

Compression (sound)

A

Hight pressure section of a longitudinal wave.

38
Q

Rarefraction

A

Low pressure section of a longitudinal wave.

39
Q

Pitch

A

Frequency

•F directly proportional to Pitch.

40
Q

Loudness

A

Amplitude

•A directly proportional to Loudness.

41
Q

Typical values of Speed of sound in solid, liquid & gases.

A
  • Solid- 5000 m/s
  • Liquid- 1400 m/s
  • Gas- 330 m/s

Physics (4 decks)

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