3. Pelvic Viscera 2 (Brauer)

Question 1

Why might an incontinent patient be encouraged to perform pelvic floor exercise?

Answer 1

Because pelvic floor exercises can increase the size of the external urethral sphincter.

Question 2

What ligament provides the main support for the uterus?

Answer 2

The cardinal ligament.

Question 3

Identify the blocked out structures of the female.

Answer 3

Question 4

Which part of the female pelvic viscera drain into the superficial inguinal lymph nodes?

Answer 4

The round ligament of the uterus.

Part of the uterine fundus.

(Also external genitalia.)

Question 5

Which part of the female pelvic viscera do not drain to the internal or external iliac lymph nodes?

Answer 5

Parts of the uterine fundus.

Ovaries.

Uterine tubes.

Round ligament of the uterus.

(Also the external genitalia.)

Question 6

Where is a pudendal nerve block perform?

Answer 6

Adjacent to the spine of the sacrum

Question 7

Describe the first, second, and 3rd degree uterine prolapse

Answer 7

First-degree: slight protrusion of the uterus into the vagina.

Second-degree: significant protrusion of the uterus into the vagina.

Third-degree: complete protrusion of the uterus into the vagina, or a protrusion of the vagina outside of the external female genitalia and a visible external os of the uterus from the external position.

Question 8

What layer of the uterus experiences the greatest change during menstruation?

Answer 8

The endometrium.

Question 9

Identify the following blanked out boxes in the female.

Answer 9

Question 10

What is the ovarian plexus composed of?

Answer 10

Parasympathetic nerve fibers from the vagus nerve.

Sympathetic nerve fibers from T10-T11

Question 11

What structures of the female reproductive system are above the pelvic pain line?

Answer 11

The body and fundus of the uterus.

The round ligament of the uterus.

The ovaries.

(The structures within the broad ligament.)

Question 12

What might cause a retroverted uterus?

What might be symptoms of a retroverted uterus?

Answer 12

Fibroids.

Endometriosis.

Pelvic inflammatory disease.

Multiple labors.

Symptoms: lower back pain, dysuria, dyspareunia.

Question 13

In reference to the uterine position, what does “verted” refer to?

What position is typical?

Answer 13

The angle between the uterus and the vagina.

Anteverted

Question 14

What nerve innervates the skeletal muscle of the external urethral sphincter?

Answer 14

The deep peroneal branch of the pudendal nerve.

Question 15

Name the five blocked out parts of the fallopian tubes.

Answer 15

Question 16

Name the following portions of the broad ligament (1, 2, and 3).

Answer 16

Question 17

Which portions of the female pelvic viscera drain into the lumbar lymph nodes?

Answer 17

Part of the uterine fundus.

Ovaries.

Uterine tubes.

Question 18

What vertebral levels is a spinal epidural block performed?

Answer 18

L3 and L4

Question 19

In reference to uterine physician what does “flexed” refer to?

What is the typical position?

Answer 19

The angle between the uterine body and cervix.

Anteflexed.

Question 20

Above the pelvic pain line, afferent pain information is carried by which sympathetic spinal nerves?

Answer 20

T12-L2

Question 21

What is contained within the broad ligament of the uterus?

Answer 21

The round ligament of the uterus.

The uterine tube.

The uterus.

The ovary.

Ovarian vessels.

Question 22

At what spinal level is a caudal epidural nerve block performed?

Answer 22

Just below S5, above the coccyx (C1).

Question 23

What are the contents of the superficial perineal pouch in the female?

Answer 23

Crura of the clitoris.

Bulbs of the vestibule.

Superficial perineal muscles.

Greater vestibular glands.

Branches of the internal pudendal artery and vein.

Branches of the pudendal nerve.

Question 24

What are the contents of the deep peroneal pouch in the female?

Answer 24

Muscles of the urogenital diaphragm.