3. Osteoporose Flashcards

1
Q

(Osteoporose)

Ätiologie und Häufigkeit (2)

A
  • primäre (90%)
  • sekundäre (10%)
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2
Q

(Osteoporose)

primäre Osteoporose: Typen (3)

A
  • postmenopausale (Typ I)
  • senile (Typ II)
  • idiopatische
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3
Q

(Osteoporose)

sekundäre Osteoporose: häufigste Ursache

A

medikamentös

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4
Q

(Osteoporose)

sekundäre Osteoporose: Beispiel

A

Langzeittherapie mit Glucocorticoiden

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5
Q

(Osteoporose)

Leitsymptome (2)

A
  • Fragilitätsfrakturen
  • chronisches Schmerzsyndrom
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6
Q

(Osteoporose)

Fragilitätsfrakturen: Typen (2)

A
  • postmenopausale
  • senile
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7
Q

(Osteoporose)

häufigste postmenopausale Fragilitätsfraktur

A

Wirbelkörper

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8
Q

(Osteoporose)

häufigste senile Fragilitätsfrakturen (3)

A
  1. Femurhals
  2. subkapitale Umerus
  3. distale Radius
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9
Q

(Osteoporose)

Prävention

A

Risikofaktoren für Frakturen erkennen und behandeln

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10
Q

(Osteoporose)

Score der Wahl

A

DVO-Frakturrisiko-Score

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11
Q

(Osteoporose)

Labor

A

AP

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12
Q

(Osteoporose)

Laborbefund

A

↑ AP

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13
Q

(Osteoporose)

chronisches Schmerzsyndrom: Hauptlokalisation

A

Rücken

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14
Q

(Osteoporose)

Befund

A

Tannenbaumphänomen

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15
Q

(Osteoporose)

Diagnostik: Goldstandard

A

DXA-Osteodensitometrie

(DXA-Knochendichtemessung)

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16
Q

(Osteoporose)

DXA: Durchführung

A

LWS und Femur (beidseitig)

17
Q

(Osteoporose)

DXA: Score der Wahl

18
Q

(Osteoporose)

T-Score: Auswertung

A

< -1,0 = Osteopenie

< -2,5 = Osteoporose

19
Q

(Osteoporose)

Therapieeinteilung (2)

A
  • Basistherapie
  • spezifische Therapie
20
Q

(Osteoporose)

Basistherapie

A

Calcium- und Vitamin-D-Gabe

21
Q

(Osteoporose)

spezifische Therapie: Indikation

A

DVO-Frakturrisiko-Score oberhalb der Schwellenwerte

(unabhängig vom T-Score)

22
Q

(Osteoporose)

spezifische Therapie: Dauer

A

max. 3-5 J.

23
Q

(Osteoporose)

spezifische Therapie: Einteilung (2)

A
  • antiresorptive
  • osteoanabole
24
Q

(Osteoporose)

antiresorptive Therapie: Indikation

A

DVO-Frakturrisiko-Score = 5-10%

25
(Osteoporose) osteoanabole Therapie: Indikation
DVO-Frakturrisiko-Score > 10%
26
(Osteoporose) antiresorptive Wirkstoffgruppen (3)
- Biphosphonate - Biologika - SERM (selektive Östrogenrezeptor-Modulatoren)
27
(Osteoporose) Biphosphonate: Wirkstoffe (4)
- Alendronat/Risedronat p.o. - Ibandronat/Zoledronat i.v.
28
(Osteoporose) Biphosphonate: Nebenwirkungen (2)
- Hypokalzämie - Kiefernekrose
29
(Osteoporose) Biologika: Wirkstoffe (2)
Denosumab/Romosozumab* s.c. *+ osteoanabole
30
(Osteoporose) Biologika: Nebenwirkungen (2)
- Hypokalzämie - Kiefernekrose
31
(Osteoporose) SERM: Wirkstoff
Raloxifen p.o.
32
(Osteoporose) SERM: Nebenwirkungen (2)
- Thromboembolie - Thrombose
33
(Osteoporose) Parathormon-Analoga: Wirkstoffe (2)
- Teriparatid p.o. - Abaloparatid s.c.
34
(Osteoporose) Parathormon-Analoga: Nebenwirkung
Osteosarkom