3 mid term Chapter 5,8,9 Flashcards

Question

what is mindless listening

Answer 1

When reacting to others’ messages automatically and routinely, without much mental investment

Answer 2

Questions that allow for a variety of extended responses.

Answer 3

Concerned with building emotional close- ness with others.

Answer 4

A phase of the listening process in which a message is recalled.

Answer 5

A phase of the listening process in which feedback occurs, offering evidence that the message has been received.

Answer 6

Genuine attempts to elicit information from others

Answer 7

Concerned with efficiency and accomplishing the job at hand

Answer 8

- We are bombarded with messages even through social media - it impossible to listen carefully to everything. - it’s challenging to keep our attention totally focused for long periods. - we often listen mindlessly rather than mindfully.

Answer 9

- our minds are so active - we have a lot of “spare time” to spend with our minds while some- one is talking so we use that time to think of personal interest or daydream

Answer 10

The sounds of other conversations, traffic, and music, any psychological noise interfere with our ability to listen well. In addition, fatigue or other forms of discomfort can also distract us.

Answer 11

the practice of seeking out people who can give us rewards that are greater than the costs of dealing with them.

Answer 12

a minimum standard of acceptable behaviour.

Answer 13

a com- parison between rewards in the present situa- tion and those one could expect to receive from others.

Answer 14

Appearance: Proximity Disclousre Competence Rewards Complementrarity Similarity:

Answer 15

- is important in the early statges if relationships, - Our perceptions of beauty, however, are influenced by more than just societal standards of attractiveness, - Our interactions with others change our perceptions of their physical appearance. - Factors such as liking, familiarity, and respect also influence our perceptions of attractiveness

Answer 16

- strongest determinant of relationship formation is similarity to another person - Factors include skin colour, cultural background, music preference, age, habits etc -Your attraction to someone will be at its highest when you are similar to someone else in several important areas…………and YOU determine what areas are important to you.

Answer 17

- Differences strengthen a relationship when they are complementary when each partner’s characteristics satisfy the other’s needs. - when each partner’s characteristics satisfy the other’s needs - partners agree that one person will exercise control in certain areas and the other will take the lead in different ones -NOT TURE OPPOSITES ATTRACT

Answer 18

- we’re likely to develop relationships with people with whom we interact frequently - even has a role in social media, where messaging or chatting can create virtual proximity

Answer 19

- We like to be around talented people, likely because we hope their skills and abilities will rub off on us. - we’re uncomfortable around those who are too competent- probably because we believe we look bad by comparison. - we tend to like people who are somewhat flawed because they remind us of ourselves

Answer 20

- either in our experiences or in our attitudes = satisfying self- disclosure is reciprocity, getting back an amount and kind of information equivalent to what you reveal - A second important aspect of successful self-disclosure is timing.

Answer 21

- we often seek out people who can give us rewards that are greater than or equal to the costs we encounter by dealing with the relationship. - Social exchange theorists define rewards as any outcomes we desire - Rewards − Costs = Predicted Outcome My ex: the expectation of the cost/benefits of a friendship with be different then the expectation of the cost/benefits of a truly serious romantic relationship

Answer 22

COMING TOGETHER: Intensifying, Experimenting, Initiating RELATIONAL MAINTEANCE: Circumscribing, Differentiating, Bonding, Integrating COMING APART: Stagnating, Avoiding, Terminating

Answer 23

making contact; demonstrating that you are worth talking to. ex: " I am a kind person, therefore I would care to listen to you and I would like it if we could know more about each other

Answer 24

searching for common ground; engaging in small talk. ex: "what are you studying"

Answer 25

beginning to develop a personal relationship; spending more time together and experiencing excitement ex" I can't wait to see you, I have the whole day planned out, it gonna be awesome"

Answer 26

taking on an identity as a social unit; shared commitments, property and obligations grow. ex"I think its a wonderful idea to spend Christmas morning at your family, and we go to mine for dinner"

Answer 27

making a symbolic gesture to announce the relationship publicly (e.g., marriage, business partnership). ex" Drafting a business contract to join two companies together"

Answer 28

re-establishing individual identities; can be stressful, positive, or both. ex"How am I different from cousins when we are related. Is that good or bad?"

Answer 29

creating distance; expressing detachment, avoiding involvement, showing antagonism, dissociating mentally. ex" Please do not ask me question right now, I had a tough day and want to relax"

Answer 30

decreasing the quantity and quality of communication; avoiding conversations about problems in the relationship. ex"my family, your family" "my pet, your pet"

Answer 31

going through hollow routines; no growth in the relationship; little joy or novelty. ex: I can't stay in this club that is not letting me learn and use my ideas, but I have to stay so I can put it on my records

Answer 32

ending the relationship; can be negative, positive, or both. ex: calling my someone and telling them I don't want to be friends anymore because of their actions

Answer 33

- The most obvious component of most messages is their content—the subject being discussed - every message both verbal and non-verbal has a second, relational dimension, which makes statements about how the communicators feel toward one another - deal with one or more of the social needs: intimacy, affinity, respect, and control. - Most of the time, we’re unaware of the relational messages that bombard us every day.

Answer 34

good idea to verify the accuracy of your interpretation with the other person

Answer 35

to describe messages that refer to other messages - communication about communication "I wish we can just calm down" "I think we should just stop fighting"

Answer 36

the subject of a message being discussed.

Answer 37

a statement describing how the speaker feels about the listener (can be non-verbal or verbal).

Answer 38

- can be defined as communication that keeps relationships running smoothly and satisfactorily. -

Answer 39

- openness - assurances - joint activities - positivity - social networks

Answer 40

is about helping others during challenging times by providing emotional, informational, or instrumental resources - Providing and receiving social support can strengthen our connections with others and deepen our appreciation of the relationships we have with them.

Answer 41

- refers to the social tone of a relationship. - communication climates are shared by everyone within them. - people can change their communication climates

Answer 42

- are determined by the degree to which people see themselves as valued. -

Answer 43

to describe direct and/or indirect messages that convey valuing

Answer 44

signals a lack of regard

Answer 45

Hearing Understanding Remembering Interpreting Evaluating Responding

Answer 46

- includes physiological reception of sound vibration patterns from the environment. - anything that negatively impacts your ability to accurately receive sounds, - can use non-verbal cues - the more interesting the topic, the more it is easier to listen to

Answer 47

- needs comprehension - focused on the meaning of the message - Do not judge during the understanding stage, because you need more to process - Understanding takes place internally and involves cognitive thought

Answer 48

- involves bringing information stored in our memories to help process current information and also to help us predict the future. - Becomes critical if you want to use the current message content in future situations - we do not remember any message or event word for word (action for action) - It mainly a personalized view of the essence of a message and the overall tone but not every detail

Answer 49

- involves the consideration of context - Must always make an effort to understand and interpret the content of the message not only from your view but the view of the speaker (sender) - True interpretation not only ensures that listening is focused on the verbal but also on the nonverbal.

Answer 50

- rating the information - our biases, beliefs, values, attitudes, motivations and past experiences impact the process of considering the senders viewpoint - we decide if we agree or disagree with the speaker’s message remembering that we need to do this from the speaker’s point of view - Does the message have personal meaning to us?

Answer 51

- requires that listener become a sender. - communicate to the sender/speaker that you are listening - a listener chooses an appropriate response in order to communicate their own thoughts about the message received

Answer 52

- always going to be factors that influence our perceptions - both internal and external - You are also going to interpret, evaluate and understand under the influence of your memories. - Our emotions, assumptions, our age, maturity and attitudes, our psychological and physiological ‘state’ at that moment, our motivations towards (or away from) a topic, our biases and expectations and many other similar factors will necessarily filter the message we are receiving.

Answer 53

- consider the context of any communication. - Responses need to be adapted to the context that a message is being communicated in

Answer 54

Contains to many details and hard to process because they contain too many details or contain language that is not familiar to us

Answer 55

We are thinking of something else that is taking our mind away from the conversation

Answer 56

We don’t make an effort to listen

Answer 57

Stereotypes, you are making a untrue or unknown assumptions

Answer 58

Sometimes we think we are at a disadvanget so we don’t try to listen

Answer 59

You are not training to be an active listener - AN ACTIVE LISTENER ASKES QUESTION AND PARAPHRASES

Answer 60

- psychological - hearing loss

Answer 61

- We are talking about Relationship - We like people who like us - they tend to build our self-esteem

Answer 62

- Our presenting - What we show from the outside - Managing multiple identities

Answer 63

allow people to disclose information that is more personal more easily but revealing those personal details doesn’t always increase like ability or build trust

Answer 64

- Do we understand ourselves? - Do we understand our multiple identities?

Answer 65

getting back an amount and kind of information equivalent to what you reveal

Answer 66

- You have to like yourself - Validate your own self

Answer 67

- Sometimes just by talking, is it apposite with this person - We just have to sometimes get things of our chest

Answer 68

- Both members need to discolours each other self - Its a two way street

Answer 69

It may not be reciprocated People can have power over you after what you have told them about yourself

Answer 70

- Some relationships don’t go on forever and the steps involving the dissolution of a relationship occur. - it is necessary to clearly and completely terminate the entire relationship OR a specific aspect of that relationship - A relationship is not completely terminated if both parties are not aware that it has been

Answer 71

- Independent: both members of the relationship DO NOT NEED ANYTHING FROM THE OTHERS, NEITHER PERSON HAS POWER OVER THE OTHER PERSON - Dependent: one person needs something that the other person has or can get. I need something you have, so you have the power and I don’t - Interdependent: both members of the relationship need something that the other has, so each person controls some aspect of power in the relationship In a stable relationship, there is agreement about how power will be used and resources shared Negotiation will occur

Answer 72

-Legitimate power: power that is included in your position with in a organizational structure can be hired or promoted to this type of power only exists when people acknowledge that the organizational structure is legitimate and that they agree to follow the rules. - Referent Power: power that is given to someone based on their attractiveness or charisma People you find attractive in any way, have referent power over you if you want some form of a relationship with them - Expert Power: obtain from knowledge Anyone that knows something that another person needs have expert power - Reward Power: if you can somehow reward or provide a benefit to someone, you have reward power. - Coercive power: the ability to punish or withhold a reward

Answer 73

- When we communicate and interact with people, we create a climate in our relationships that make it easier to communicate or more difficult. - Open climates more meaningful communication - Defensive climates more difficult because - climates that you help create and maintain, will influence future climates regardless of whether you are present in the future situation.

Answer 74

Confirmation – we feel valued and respected. We will normally perceive behaviours that make us feel needed and respected as confirming Disconfirmation – behaviours that make us feel disrespected or not important.