3. Lipids Flashcards
Topic - Fatty Acids
Fatty acids are organic acids with a ______ attached to the Hydrocarbon chain (-R group).
carboxyl group
This R group could be:
Methyl or Ethyl or a Higher number of -CH2 groups
Types of Fatty Acids:
I. Saturated Fatty acids
II. Unsaturated Fatty acids
______ have no double or triple bonds between carbon atoms.
Examples.
Examples of Saturated fatty acids:
I. Palmitic acid (16 carbon atoms)
(CH3–(CH2)14–COOH or C15H31–COOH)
II. Stearic acid (C17H35COOH), etc.
______ have one or more C=C or C≡C.
Examples.
Examples of Unsaturated Fatty acids:
I. Oleic acid (C17H33COOH)
II. Arachidonic acid (20 carbon atoms)
(C19H31COOH)
Topic - Lipids
Lipids are ____-insoluble and simple fatty acids.
water-insoluble
Lipid is not a polymer.
T/F
True
Diff between Lipids and Carbohydrates?
Lipids contain C, H, and O, but the number of oxygen atoms is less (H:O not equal to 2:1)
In Carbohydrates, the ratio of C, H, and O is 1:2:1
Types of Lipids:
a. Simple Lipids
b. Compound Lipids
c. Derived Lipids
Topic - Simple Lipids
______ are formed of fatty acids and alcohol such as Glycerol.
Simple Lipids
*Structure of Glycerol:
Trihydroxy propane
Fatty acids are esterified with Glycerol through ester bond forming:
1 glycerol + 1 fatty acid = Monoglyceride
1 glycerol + 2 fatty acid = Diglyceride
1 glycerol + 3 fatty acid = Triglyceride
Based on melting point, lipids (Triglycerides) are of 2 types:
a. Fats: Higher melting point
b. Oils: Lower melting point (Eg. Gingelly oil)
Topic - Compound Lipids
______ are the esters of fatty acids and alcohol with additional groups.
Examples.
Examples of Compound lipids:
*Phospholipids (fatty acids + glycerol + phosphate)
*Example of Compound lipids that are a major component of bilayer cell membranes.
Lecithin (Phospholipid)
Topic - Derived Lipids
*______ are the products of hydrolysis of simple lipids and compound lipids.
Example.
Derived lipids (e.g.Cholesterol)
