3. Lipids

Question 1

Topic - Fatty Acids

Question 2

Fatty acids are organic acids with a ______ attached to the Hydrocarbon chain (-R group).

Answer 2

carboxyl group

Question 3

This R group could be:

Answer 3

Methyl or Ethyl or a Higher number of -CH2 groups

Question 4

Types of Fatty Acids:

Answer 4

I. Saturated Fatty acids
II. Unsaturated Fatty acids

Question 5

______ have no double or triple bonds between carbon atoms.
Examples.

Answer 5

Examples of Saturated fatty acids:
I. Palmitic acid (16 carbon atoms)
(CH3–(CH2)14–COOH or C15H31–COOH)
II. Stearic acid (C17H35COOH), etc.

Question 6

______ have one or more C=C or C≡C.
Examples.

Answer 6

Examples of Unsaturated Fatty acids:
I. Oleic acid (C17H33COOH)
II. Arachidonic acid (20 carbon atoms)
(C19H31COOH)

Question 7

Topic - Lipids

Question 8

Lipids are ____-insoluble and simple fatty acids.

Answer 8

water-insoluble

Question 9

Lipid is not a polymer.
T/F

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Diff between Lipids and Carbohydrates?

Answer 10

Lipids contain C, H, and O, but the number of oxygen atoms is less (H:O not equal to 2:1)

In Carbohydrates, the ratio of C, H, and O is 1:2:1

Question 11

Types of Lipids:

Answer 11

a. Simple Lipids
b. Compound Lipids
c. Derived Lipids

Question 12

Topic - Simple Lipids

Question 13

______ are formed of fatty acids and alcohol such as Glycerol.

Answer 13

Simple Lipids

Question 14

*Structure of Glycerol:

Answer 14

Trihydroxy propane

Question 15

Fatty acids are esterified with Glycerol through ester bond forming:

Answer 15

1 glycerol + 1 fatty acid = Monoglyceride
1 glycerol + 2 fatty acid = Diglyceride
1 glycerol + 3 fatty acid = Triglyceride

Question 16

Based on melting point, lipids (Triglycerides) are of 2 types:

Answer 16

a. Fats: Higher melting point
b. Oils: Lower melting point (Eg. Gingelly oil)

Question 17

Topic - Compound Lipids

Question 18

______ are the esters of fatty acids and alcohol with additional groups.
Examples.

Answer 18

Examples of Compound lipids:
*Phospholipids (fatty acids + glycerol + phosphate)

Question 19

*Example of Compound lipids that are a major component of bilayer cell membranes.

Answer 19

Lecithin (Phospholipid)

Question 20

Topic - Derived Lipids

Question 21

*______ are the products of hydrolysis of simple lipids and compound lipids.
Example.

Answer 21

Derived lipids (e.g.Cholesterol)