3 - fondation - the human part 2

Question 1

human use information to reason and solve problems even when the information is partial or unavailable

Answer 1

human thinking

Question 2

information and processed and applied:

Answer 2

reasoning, problem solving, skill acquisition, error

Question 3

is the process by which we use the knowledge we have to draw conclusion or infer something new about the domain of interest

Answer 3

reasoning

Question 4

3 types of reasoning

Answer 4

deductive, inductive, abductive

Question 5

reasoning derives the logically necessary conclusion from the given premises

Answer 5

deductive

Question 6

generalizing from cases we have seen to infer information about cases we have not seen

Answer 6

inductive

Question 6

reason from a fact to the action or state that caused it

Answer 6

abductive

Question 7

it is the process of finding a solution to an unfamiliar task, using the knowledge we have

Answer 7

problem solving

Question 8

3 views on how people solve problems

Answer 8

gestalt theory, problem space theory, analogy

Question 9

problem solving is both productive and reproductive

Answer 9

gestalt theory

Question 10

productive problem solving involves ______ ______ of the problem while reproductive solving problems draws on _____ ______

Answer 10

insight and restructuring and previous experience

Question 11

problem has an initial state and a goal state and the people use the operators to move from the former to the latter

Answer 11

problem space theory

Question 12

in ___________ the initial state is compared with the goal state and an operator chosen to reduce the difference between the two

Answer 12

means-end analysis

Question 13

operates within the constraints of the human processing system such as the limited capacity of short - term memory and the speed at which information can be retrieved

Answer 13

problem space theory

Question 14

it is a cognitive process of transferring information or meaning from a particular subject to another, or a linguistic expression corresponding to such a process

Answer 14

analogy

Question 15

done by mapping knowledge relating to a similar known domain to the new problem

Answer 15

analogical mapping

Question 16

_____ is easier than ____ and allow suers toselect commands from a set (such as menu) rather than input them directly

Answer 16

recognition and recall

Question 17

In order to apply a psychological principle or result properly in
design, the following must be understood:

Answer 17

the context where it fits in the field of psychology
details of the actual experiment
measures used
subjects involved

Question 18

human cognitive and perpetual and process cannot be all directly applied to design due to being partial and simplistic

Answer 18

guidelines

Question 19

pyschological theory has led to the dedvelopment of the analytic and predictive model of user behavior

Answer 19

models to support design

Question 20

psychology also provides a range of empirical techniques which we can employ to evaluate our designs and our system

Answer 20

techniques for evaluation