2 - fondation - the human part 1 Flashcards
three section of ear
outer ear, middle ear, inner ear
frequency of the sound
pitch
proportional to the amplitude of the sound ; the frequency remains constant
loudness
related to the type of the sound: sound may have have the same pitch and loudness but be made by different instrument and so vary in timbre
timbre
the third and last of these senses that consider a haptic perception
touch
we receive stimuli through _____
skin
skin contains three types of sensory receptor
thermoreceptor, nociceptor, mechanoreceptor
respond to heat and cold
thermoreceptor
respond to intense pressure, heat and pain
nociceptor
respond to pressure
mechanoreceptor
two types of mechanoreptor which respond to different types of pressure
rapidly adapting mechanoreceptor and slowly mechanoreceptor
awareness of the position of the body and limbs
kinesthesis
three types of kinesthesis
rapidly adapting, slowly adapting, positional receptor
respond when a limb is moved in a particular direction
rapidly adapting
respond to both movement and static position
slowly adapting
only respond when a limb is in a static position
positional receptor
it is the way we move affects out interaction with computers
motor controls
A ____ _____ such as hitting a button
in response to a question involves a
number of processing stages.
simple action
movement which can be roughly divided into ______ and ______
reaction time and movement time
dependent largely on the physical characteristics of the
subjects: their age and fitness.
movement time
varies according to the sensory channel through which the
stimulus is received.
reaction time
-_____ and ____of movement are important considerations in the
design of interactive systems, primarily in terms of the time taken to move
to a particular target on a screen.
speed and accuracy
much of our everyday activity relies on _____
memory
information is stored in memory:
sensory memory, short term memory, long term memory
It allows us to repeat actions, to use language, and to use new
information received via our senses.
model structure of memory
it exist for each sensory channel
haptic, echoic, iconic, olfactory, gustatory
act as buffers for stimuli received through the senses
sensory memories
________ or working memory acts as a
‘scratch-pad’ for temporary recall of information.
short term memory
____ or ____ information can increase the short term memory capacity
Grouping or chunking
it is where recall the last words presented is better recall of those in the middle
recency effects
Main memory resource where we
store factual information, experiential
knowledge, procedural rules of
behavior or everything we know.
long term memory
two types of long term memory
episodic memory and semantic memory
represents our memory of events and
experiences in a serial form.
episodic memory
it is a structured record of
facts, concepts and skills that we have acquired. The information
in semantic memory is derived from that in our episodic memory,
such that we can learn new facts or concepts from our
experiences.
semantic memory
it is based representation of knowledge
frames
represents this default or stereotypical information,
allowing us to interpret partial descriptions or cues fully.
script
Conditions that must be satisfied for the script to
be activated.
entry condition
Conditions that will be true after the script is terminated.
result
Objects involved in the events described in the script.
props
Actions performed by particular participants.
roles
The sequences of events that occur.
scenes
A variation on the general pattern representing an
alternative scenario.
tracks
three main activities related tolong term memory
storage or remembering of information, forgetting, information retrieval
According to the study of Ebbinghaus , the amount learned was
directly proportional to the amount of time spent learning, which is
also known as the __________
total time hypothesis
Experiments by Baddeley and others, suggested ______ of ____ _____ that learning time is most effective if it is distributed
over time.
distribution of
practice effect
______ is not enough to learn information if not meaningful and
familiar.
Repetition
