3: Embryonic / foetal periods and abnormalities of development Flashcards
What process is important in creating the 3D shape of the embryo?
Folding
By which month can the sex of an foetus be determined?
3rd month
Before birth, a foetus increases in ___ and ___.
length
weight
What is the first organ to develop in an embryo?
Brain and nervous system
What are the most common birth defects seen today?
Congenital heart disease
Which organ begins to develop in Week 4 and is essential for continued growth of the embryo?
Heart
Which hole, sharing the name of one found in the skull, maintains communication between the right and left atrium until birth?
Foramen ovale
The foramen ovale permits shunting of blood from ___ to ___ during development.
right , left
After birth, the foramen ovale closes and is renamed the ___ ___.
fossa ovalis
The fossa ovalis is a remnant of which hole?
Foramen ovale
Which type of birth defect causes oxygenated and deoxygenated blood to mix via a communication between the left and right atria?
Atrial septal defects
Which type of birth defect causes oxygenated blood and deoxygenated blood to mix via a communication between the right and left ventricle?
Ventricular septal defects
What is the problem in transposition of the great vessels?
AORTA exits right ventricle
PULMONARY TRUNK exits left ventricle
this is the opposite of what it should be
In transposition of the great vessels, (oxygenated / deoxygenated) blood is pumped around the body.
deoxygenated
What four defects are seen in Tetralogy of Fallot?
Pulmonary stenosis
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Atrial septal defect
Overriding aorta
