3. Dom Lahey Flashcards
What is the general function of the immune system?
storage of lymphocytes, increase number of lymphocytes, provide favorable environment for establishing immunity
Surface protection, acute inflammation, compliment process, lysosome production, and natural barriers describe what type of immunity?
innate
Humoral and Cell-Mediated are 2 examples of what type of immunity?
aquired (adaptive)
Response to invading bacteria, mediated by B cells/plasma cells, and involves antibody production is which form of adaptive immunity?
humoral
Usually response to virus, fungi, foreign cells, mediated by T lymphocytes, does NOT depend on B lymphocyte participation, and cytotoxic response is which type of adaptive immunity?
cell mediated
No/incomplete capsule, humoral immunity describes what?
diffuse lymphatics
Gastrointestinal, respiratory, urogenital tracts…secretory IgA = secreted on to free epithelial surfaces (tears, saliva, gut lumen, nasal, vaginal)
- FIRST line of defense against infection (antigen specific)…what is this?
MALT
Gastrointestinal tract (individual lymph nodules, Peyer’s patches)…is what?
GALT
Respiratory lymph nodules, form when air tubes bifurcate…is what?
BALT
Roof of nasopharynx, called Adenoids when inflamed, can cause ear-infection describes which form of tonsils?
pharyngeal tonsils
Surface epithelium in the pharyngeal tonsil are what type of cells?
respiratory epithelium
Boundary of oral cavity/oropharynx, partial capsule likely describes what type of tonsils?
Palatine Tonsils (Tonsilar Crypts)
Surface epithelium in the palatine tonsils are what type of cells?
stratified squamous
Advantages and disadvantages of the palatine tonsils are what?
advantages - more SA for detecting foreign antigens and lymph node formation
disadvantages - deep depressions (bacteria can thrive = infection = tonsillitis)
The tonsil that is on the dorsal posterior 1/3 of tongue (oral cavity) is what?
Lingual Tonsils (Tonsilar Crypts)
Surface epithelium in the lingual tonsils are what type of cells?
stratified squamous
The tonsillar ring around openings to digestive/respiratory system is referred to as what?
Waldeyer’s Ring
Which organs have a capsule, both humoral and cell-mediated immunity?
lymphatic organs
Which type of lymphoid organs provide environment where lymphocytes become immunocompetent (thymus and bone marrow)?
primary
Which type of lymphoid organs provide an environment where lymphocytes can contact foreign antigens and interact with each other (spleen and lymph nodes)?
secondary
What is the function of the lymph nodes?
filtration of lymph using phagocytosis, establish humoral/CM immunity
Which lymph node structure is described…dense irregular CT of moderate thickness (trabecular)?
capsule (septa)
Which lymph node structure is described…in-coming vessels, contain valves?
afferent lymphatics
Which lymph node structure is described… out-going vessels, contain valves?
efferent lymphatics
Which lymph node structure is described…recessed area where efferent lymph exits, blood enters/exits?
Hilum
Marginal sinus and the first to receive afferent lymph is what type of sinus?
Subcapsular sinus
Which type of sinus passes thru the cortex region?
Cortical sinus
Which type of sinus passes thru the deep cortex/paracortex region?
Deep cortical sinus
Which type of sinus passes thru the medulla region?
Medullary sinus
Regions and cells of a lymph nod, within ALL regions/sinuses are supported by system of what type of fibers and cells?
reticular fibers produced by reticular cells
- Primary cell type = B lymphocyte
- Activity = phagocytosis and humoral immunity (primarily IgG)
This describes which part of the lymph node?
cortex
AKA thymus dependent zone AKA deep cortex
- Primary cell type = T lymphocyte
- Activity = phagocytosis, cell-mediated immunity (long-term storage T cells)
This describes which part of the lymph node?
paracortex
Primary cell type = Plasma cells
Activity = phagocytosis, some cell-mediated immunity
* mostly humoral immunity because of ANTIBODY secretion
This describes which part of the lymph node?
medulla
Which structure has 2 lobes extending over the great heart vessels, primary lymphoid organ, involution starts after puberty?
thymus
What organ’s function is to establishment of immunocompetent T lymphocytes? It can distinguish self from non-self antigens to develop self tolerance.
thymus
T lymphoblast in the thymus is called what?
thymocyte
contains high cell concentration, large # of T lymphatics and macrophages, TEC types 1,2,3
* support using cytoplasmic processes, important blood-thymic barrier
This describes which part of the thymus?
cortex
contains lower cell density, fewer but larger T cells, macrophages, APC (dentritic cells), TEC types 4,5,6
* form thymic corpuscles
This describes which part of the thymus?
medulla
What cells are produced in bone marrow, enter thymus as immonincompetent cells, and then leaves bloodstream at corticomedullary line?
T Lymphocytes
What area of Spleen has areas of concentrated WBCs, primarily lymphocytes?
white pulp
What is the function and area of the Spleen that the white pulp is located?
Function = immunity Areas = next to capsule and setpa, splenic nodules, periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths (surround central arteries, cell-mediated)
What is the area of the Spleen that is not white pulp or CT (most of spleen is RED)
red pulp
What is the function of the red pulp of the spleen?
rapid blood filtration, contact with blood-born foreign antigens
Caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in mucus/saliva. First replicates in nasopharyngeal epithelium, Can spread to salivary glands, lymph nodes and oropharyngeal lymphoid tissues, Then to liver, spleen, B cells, and blood. What diseases does this describe?
infectious mononucleosis
Blood changes: increase in number of platelets and abnormal RBC’s and
Infection: Increased risk of bacterial septicemia especially in children with Strep Pneumo
These condition typically lead to what?
splenectomy
