3. Cervical Spine

Question 1

Where do nerves exit in the cervical spine?

Answer 1

above vertebral body

(thoracic and lumbar exit below vertebral body)

Question 2

Identify parts of typical cervical vertebrae (C3-C7).

Answer 2

Question 3

no vertebral body

rotates around dens (odontoid process) of C2

bound anteriorly on dens by anterior arch

bound posteriorly by transverse atlantal ligament (part of cruciform ligaments)

Answer 3

Atlas (C1)

Question 4

vertebral body extends superiorly to form dens (odontoid process)

Answer 4

axis (C2)

Question 5

Identify these ligaments.

Answer 5

Question 6

connection between rectus capitis posterior major & dura mater

contains neural component

anchors the muscle, monitor dural tension, role in cervicogenic pathologies

Answer 6

myodural bridge

Question 7

What does this show?

Answer 7

Hangman’s fracture

hyperextension caused traumatic spndylolisthesis of C2 (axis) w/ fracture of vertebral arch of C2, as well as tearing of ligaments between C2 and C3

Question 8

What does this show?

Answer 8

unilateral facet joint dislocation

Question 9

What does this show?

Answer 9

anterior cervical dislocation w/ widening SPs

Question 10

What does this show?

Answer 10

open mouth radiograph (C1/C2) showing Jefferson burst fracture

Question 11

What does this show?

Answer 11

45 degree oblique view showing osteophyte encroachment-spondylosis

Question 12

1. Rotation and sidebending of C2-C7 occurs in ___ direction.
2. This is due to ___.

Answer 12

1. same direction
2. uncinate process

Question 13

In what plane do C2-C7 somatic dysfunctions occur?

Answer 13

sagittal plane

Question 14

Shape of the OA joint allows for more motion in which plane?

Answer 14

sagittal plane

Question 15

Due to the shape of the joint, side-bending and roation occur in ___ directions.

Answer 15

opposite

Question 16

What is the primary motion at the AA joint?

Answer 16

rotation (atlas about the dens)

no sidebending or flexion/extension

Question 17

Rotational testing of the cervical spine occurs in what plane?

Answer 17

transverse plane

Question 18

Cervical rotation to the left is induced by ____.

Answer 18

anterior pressure on posterior aspect of the right lateral mass

Question 19

Cervical rotation to the right is induced by ____.

Answer 19

anterior pressure on posterior aspect of left lateral mass

Question 20

Translation/sidebending of the cervical plane occurs in what plane?

Answer 20

coronal plane

Question 21

Translation from L to R causes sidebending to the ___.

Answer 21

left

Question 22

Translation from R to L causes sidebending to the ___.

Answer 22

right

Question 23

Which is the fulcrum side?

Answer 23

Fulcrum side is the side towards which you’re inducing sidebending

“sidebending concave side”

Question 24

Contraindications for cervical OMT

Answer 24

Question 25

Contraindications to HVLA (cervical)

Answer 25

Question 26

Cervical OMT steps

Answer 26

Question 27

Cervical OMT Considerations

Answer 27