3. Biological molecules Flashcards
What are the three elements found in carbohydrates?
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
What is the basic unit of carbohydrates?
Simple sugar
Provide examples of monosaccharides.
Glucose, Fructose, Galactose.
How many molecules do monosaccharides contain?
Monosaccharides contain only one molecule.
What is formed when two monosaccharides are joined together?
Disaccharide.
Name three examples of disaccharides.
Maltose, Sucrose, Lactose.
Give examples of polysaccharides and mention the organisms they are found in.
Starch (plants), Glycogen (animals), Cellulose (plants)
What is the role of starch, glycogen, and cellulose in living organisms?
Starch is a storage carbohydrate in plants, glycogen is a storage carbohydrate in animals, and cellulose is a cell wall component in plants.
What are the elements present in all amino acids?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and sometimes Sulfur.
What is the basic unit of proteins?
Amino acids.
Name the basic units of lipids.
Glycerol and Fatty Acids.
How do animal lipids differ from plant lipids in terms of physical state at room temperature?
Animal lipids are solids at room temperature, while plant lipids are liquids (oils) at room temperature.
