3 Flashcards
Routes for administration of valium to 4 yr. old
IV, IO, Rectal
Routes for Epinephrine
IV, ET, SQ
Routes of Medication from Slowest to Fastest
PO, SQ, IM, ET, IV
Seizures without regaining consciousness in between
Status Epilipticus (Diazepam 2.5 mg (or 5mg) Incremental Dosing to 10 mg total IV dose)
Serious side effect of Venipuncture
Air Embolism
Shunt
Do Not use for Medical Access
Side effects of Bretylium
Both Supine And Postural Hypotension
Side Effects of EPI
Palpations, High BP, Tachycardia
Side Effects of Lidocaine
Hypotension, Bradycardia
Side effects of Verapamil
Tachycardia (WPW) (Wolfe-Parkinson White) problems)
Slowest to Fastest Routes
PO, SQ, IM, ET, IV
SQ Epinephrine for
Mild allergic reaction
SQ injection
Into fatty tissue
Sub Q
Contraindication
The Adult Dose of Epinephrine in Asthma is
0.3 mg to 0.5 mg
The drug choice for treating Hyperkalemia is
Calcium Chloride
The drug used to alleviate intracranial pressure in a head injury
Mannitol
The fastest route of administration of the following IM, SQ, SC, ET is
ET
The first drug to treat pediatric Bradycardia is
Oxygen
The flow rate for KVO (keep vein open) is
10 ml / hr
The initial dose of Bretylium for V - Fib
5 mg / kg
The IV Solution closest to Blood Plasma is
Lactated Ringers
The Lidocaine Dose for Pulseless V Tach (and V Fib) is
1.5 mg / kg then 1.5 mg / kg
The Major Hazard involved in a catheter through the needle system is the chance of
Catheter Embolis
The most appropriate indication for ammonia ampules would be to
Terminate a syncope episode
The need for increasing the amounts of a drug in order to achieve a desired effect is called
Tolerance
The oxygen delivery device used for emphysema is the
Nasal cannula or venturi mask
The Pediatric Dose of Lidocaine
1 mg / kg
The Pediatric Dose of Lidocaine is (1 mg / kg) for a 20 lb Child
9 mg
The Pediatric Dose of SQ Epinephrine is
0.01 mg / kg
The pharmacological treatment of Anaphylactic Shock
Epinephrine & Benadryl
The Rate of KVO is
10 ml / hr
The route that is Not a parenteral route of drug administration
Oral
The second dose of Sodium Bicarbonate is
1 gm / kg
The Technique that will Not help Distend a Vein for Venipuncture is to
Elevate the Arm
The treatment for Sinus Bradycardia is with PVC’s is
Atropine. You Don’t Give Lidocaine
Therapeutic Range
Range of plasma concentration Not likely to produce desire effect with least like hood of toxicity
Thrombi (blood clot) arising in deep leg veins
Migrate to lungs (will lodge in lungs)
Tourniquet does what
Restricts Venous Flow
Treatment for Overdose Tricyclic
Bicarb
Treatment for Pulmonary Edema
O2, IV, NTG 0.4mg (1/150 gm), Lasix 40 mg, Morphine Sulfate 2 mg
Treatment of Acute Asthma
EPI 1:1,000 IV 0.3 mg
Two Common Tricyclic Antidepressants are
Elavil and Tofranil
Universal Blood Donor
O
Universal Blood Recipient
AB
Use an EOA when a patient has overdosed on
Valium
Use D5W for
Medication Mix
Valium
5 - 10 mg pregnant having seizures
Valium dose for status Epilipticus
2.5 mg - 10 mg slow IVP
Venipuncture causes
Air Embolism
Verapamil & Adenocard
Decrease Heart Rate and are used in SVT
Verapamil does what
Decrease Vasoconstriction, Decrease Conductivity
Verapamil is Contraindicated for
Wolff - Parkinson - White Syndrome (WPW)
Verapamil is used on all of the following except
Cardiogenic Shock
Verapamil used for
SVT, Not for Cardiogenic Shock
Warn patient of side effect of Atropine
Blurred Vision
What are 2 medications for depression
NOT Haldol
What are the Disadvantages of Thrombolytic Therapy
Costly and may cause Excessive Bleeding
What can be expected from Beta Agonist Drugs
Increased Heart Rate
What condition Contraindicates the SQ Route
Hypovolemia
What do you use Procainamide for, & what are the “4” end points
Antiarryhthmic - used for PVC, V-tach, Maintenance of normal sinus rhythm after conversion from A-fib or flutter. 4 - End points - Arrhythmia resolved, QRS complex widens by 50%, PR interval is prolonged, BP drops > 15 mmHg or toxic side effects develop.
What does Naloxone reverse
Demerol (something like that) (Naloxone blocks OPI receptors)
What drug is administered for a patient suffering from COPD
Aminophylline
What drug is used for Cardiogenic shock
Dopamine (to raise BP)
What drug is used for Ventricular Dysrhythmias
Procainamide
What happens if you give Narcan to a Heroin patient
Causes Withdrawals
What is 150lbs. in kg
68 kg
What is Not treated with Verapamil or Calan
Wide Complex V Tach of Unknown Origin
What is the best method to use on an LSD patient
Talk Down
What is the Drug of Choice for COPD
O2, Albuterol
What to do before administration of D5W
Glucose Check
When administering D50, IV
Be careful for infiltration tissue necrosis
When Beta Receptors are Stimulated
The Heart Rate Increases
When giving D50, what would happen if it Infiltrates IV
Cause Tissue Necrosis
When starting a tourniquet, it is applied so
That it occludes venous return, but allow arterial flow
When you administer glucose, what does it do
Stimulates the release of Glucagon
Which agency that regulates drugs
Drug & Cosmetic Act of 1970
Which don’t you Expect to see in ASA OD
Hypoventilation (Acidosis Hypervent)
Which is the Agency the Regulates Drugs
Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1970
Worst complication for Retavase
Bleeding
WPW (Wolfe-Parkinson-White) patient with PSVT’s give
Adenocard 6-12-12 mg.
You are to draw up 400 mg of Dopamine that comes 25 mg / cc. The number of cc’s you will draw up to put in the bag is
16 cc’s
You give 25 gm of Dextrose from a 100 cc amp of 50 % Dextrose
50 cc’s of Dextrose will be given
Young Adult, Mild Asthma
2.5 mg Albuterol Inhaled
A drug used in the field to counteract a severe Tricyclic Overdose
Sodium Bicarbonate
1 transmission of AIDS
Sexual contact
1 Pupil Blown the Other Sluggish
Neuro Shock
17 year old male in transport with severe headache
Aneurysm
18 yr old c/o Stiff Neck, Fever, Headache
Meningitis
21 yr. Old male with asthma - Drug, dose & route
Albuterol 2.5 mg via nebulizer
21 yr. old male with chest pain after coughing
Spontaneous Pneumothorax
23 year old gym rat has explosive headache, this indicates
Subarachnoid Aneurysm
3 systems that Regulate Acid Base Balance
Buffer, Respiratory, Renal
34 yr. Old male appears Jaundiced with Sclera, No appetite, Lost 10 lbs. In 3 wks., Nauseated, Generally Fatigued, Low fever, and Sudden distaste to cigarettes
Viral Hepatitis
37 yr. old male, Staggering, Slurred speech, Cool, Clammy, Acting Bizarre
Hypoglycemia
51 year old farmer has cramps & diarrhea, this indicates
Organophosphate Poisoning
51 yr old female P 110, BP 112/92, RR 18, do all Except
Administer Norepinephrine by titrated IV infusion
55 yr. old female mother of four has RUQ pain, nausea & vomiting. She possibly has
Cholecystitis
61 yr. Old woman is unconscious with a pulse & stable, treatment
O2 monitor
7.45
Acidosis
A 22 yr old woman complains of severe pain in RLQ. She has not eaten in 12 days and is constipated. She most likely has
Appendicitis
A 28 yr old that has been depressed is unconscious, sweating, pinpoint pupils, skin & fine muscle fasciculation, and is tearing excessively
These are signs of a Lithium OD
A 28 yr. old that has been depressed in unconscious, sweating, pinpoint pupils, skin and fine muscle fasciculation, and is tearing excessively. The toxic amount taken is
Parathione
A 55 yr old female mother of four has RUQ pain, nausea & vomiting. She may have
Cholecystitis
A 55 yr old patient with P 50, P Wave for every QRS, P - R Interval of 0.16, Cold and Clammy with BP 70/50 with Sinus Bradycardia. The patient should be given
0.5 mg Atropine
A 62 yr old female is taking Digitalis. Her chief complaint is that she is weak and dizzy. She is awake, alert, and vitals are WNL. The treatment should be
Monitor, IV, Transport
A chemical mediator for the parasympathetic nervous system is
Acetylcholine
A condition is frequently ( chief complaint ), Rapid Speech
Amphetamine Reaction
A Diabetic patient who is complaining of a headache. The most important information about this complaint is
When was Insulin taken last
A distraught elderly person urinates while upon the stretcher and does Not inform you until she is finished. The behavior is called
Regression
A light image is changed into an electrical message that goes to the brain via the
Optic Nerve
A local alcoholic on a cold night is found to be unarousable, in V Fib, and is Apnec. Treatment should include (in order)
Airway, Defibrillate 3 times, CPR, Transport
A man repeatedly dived today and made a fast ascent from the last dive. He is complaining of Joint pains, Tingling legs, & abdominal pain. The patient has
Decompression sickness
A migrant worker has been picking tomatoes. He suddenly C/O a Headache and Dizziness. Upon Physical Exam, he has Strong, bounding Pulse and Hot, flushed Skin. He also begins to have Seizures. ( Heat Stroke) Treatment of the patient would Not include using
Diazepam 15 mg IV
A patient complains of Dyspnea. He is Cyanotic, has Rales, Reg. P 140, BP 150/120, with a Pink, Frothy Sputum. He has
Pulmonary Edema
A patient complains of shortness of breath. On assessment he has pursed lips and barrel chest, which indicates
Emphysema (“Pink puffers”), Chronic Bronchitis is called (“Blue bloaters”)
A patient has a history of SOB, Orthopnea, and coughing up pink tinged mucus. The patient most likely has
Left Heart Failure
A patient has neurological problems such as a CVA or a seizure. You would, therefore, not want to administer
IV 5% Dextrose wide open
A patient has crying spells and refuses to eat. She is unkempt and lethargic. Physical exam reveals No abnormalities. She is most likely suffering from
Depression
A patient has one pupil that is dilated and non-reactive, while the other is slow to respond. This is a form of a
Neurological crisis
A patient in obvious Diabetic Acidosis will show
Warm & Dry Skin
A patient is found on the floor in a pool of vomit, shaking, confused and frightened of spiders on the wall (there are no spiders). Patient has quite drinking for 2 days and is experiencing
Withdraws (DT’s)
A patient is Presenting with Left Side Chest Pain Associated with SOB is found to be Cyanotic. Breath Sounds are Distant over the Left Lung. These findings probably Indicate a
Spontaneous Pneumothorax
A patient is Unconscious, Incontinent, and having Generalized Muscle Relaxation and Contraindications, what type of seizure
Grand Mal Seizure
A patient presents with Rapid Onset Dyspnea, Urticaria (hives), Tachypnea, and blood pressure of 80/60. This patient is suffering from
Anaphylactic Shock
A patient that has been taking Haldol and is Exhibiting Extra pyramidal Reactions should be treated by giving
Benadryl
A patient was acting funny, cold and sweaty. He is now unconscious. The patient was most likely suffering from
Hypoglycemia / Drug Overdose
A patient with a Stroke should be transported
Affected Side Down
A patient with ICP, you would expect what Sx / Sx
Increased Blood Pressure, Decreased Pulse, Irregular Respirations
A patient with ICP, you would expect what symptoms
Increased BP, Decreased Pulse
A patient with slow heart rate, skipping a beat, with chest pain and stable vitals (shown strip) treatment is
O2, IV, Pain management
A person that you would have to restrain is an
Enraged person
A person witnesses a murder and mutilation of several bodies. He appears to be paralyzed while his physical assessment reveals no injury or abnormality. You should
Conversion Hysteria
A Problem with Semi - Circular Canals in the Ear Causes
Vertigo
A prolonged P - R Interval id Indicative of a
First degree Heart Block
A pulsating mass in the abdomen with back pain is most likely an
Aortic Aneurysm
A Scuba Diver has Tingling in the Hand and Feet with Frothy Red Sputum. The patient Should be Transported in
Trendelenberg on his Left Side
A sign Not associated with Anaphylaxis is
Hypertension
A sign of Intracranial Pressure is
Elevated BP
A sign of Irreversible Shock
Bradycardia
A sign of Organophosphate Poisoning is
GI Disorders
A victim is found with bright red, frothy blood bubbling from the mouth which each exhalation, This is an indication of
Lung Damage
A woman is complaining of headaches and is seeing “halos around lights”. The physical exam finds that her corneas are hazed. The medic suspects
Acute Glaucoma
A woman is so frightened of heights that she cannot ride in an elevator. This is a
Phobia
A woman threatened to kill herself with barbiturates. She is willing to talk, but not open the door. You should
Conduct an interview from outside the door and communicate with the police
Abdomen Covering
Peritoneum
Abdominal muscle flexion on palpation
Guarding
Abdominal pain position of comfort
On their sides, lateral recumbent
Absorption of ingested toxins occurs within
The Small Intestines
Acetylcholine / Oxytocin are secreted by
The Pituitary Gland (pea shaped)
Acid and Base Balance
10 unit
Administration of IV hypertonic solution on a hydrated patient will
Draw water from cells to vascular space
Adrenal Gland Secrets / Releases
Epinephrine & Norepinephrine
Adult female, Tachycardia, don’t remember vitals
Try to calm her
Adult GCS scenario
13
Adult in Asthma Attack
Treatment is to Stop Bronchial Spasms
After IV O2 monitor in PE, what’s next
NTG 0.4 mg
Air Embolism
Diver with joint pain, Tingling in legs, Abdominal pain
Alkaline
Does most damage to the eye
All are clinical signs of shock, Except
Constricted Pupils
All are contagious, Except
Shingles
All are Dehydrated Sx / Sx Except
Decrease in Heart Rate
All are elements of Crushing Effect, Except
Decreased Peripheral Vascular Resistance
All are microorganisms, Except
Erythrocytes
All are organic causes of decreased LOC, Except
Death of a family member
All are signs & symptoms of dehydration except
JVD
All are signs of dehydration except
JVD and /or Polyuria depending on which test you get
All are signs of kidney stones Except
Frequent urination (UTI symptom)
All are signs of Pulmonary Embolus Except
JVD (other choices) Dyspnea, Pleural Pain, Tachy
All are signs of shock except
Deep regular respirations
All are Sx / Sx of Dehydration except
JVD
All are Sx /Sx of Tuberculosis, Except
Substernal chest pain that radiates to the arms
All are Types of Muscle, Except
Involuntary
All contagious Except
Shingles
All except
Pupil reaction in GCS
All of the following are common Sx / Sx of severe Hypertension, Except
Constricted Pupils
All of the following are events that leads to suspicion of child abuse except
Commutative
All of the following are Opportunistic Infections Associated with AIDS, Except
Appendicitis
All of the following are Sx /Sx of Insulin Shock, Except
Hypertension
All, Except
Pupil reaction in Glascow Coma Scale
Alpha
Constriction
Alpha I
Vasoconstriction
Alpha vs. Beta
Alpha Constrict, Beat Dilates
AMI
Cause death in 2 - 3 hours
AMS - Old lady keeps babbling
Encourage her to talk
An 85 yr old man has a severe headache, dizzy, nausea, and vomiting. His P 120, BP 210/120. He is experiencing a
Hypertensive Crisis
An ambulance driver with rapid HR & sweaty palms
Dump of Catecholamine
An ambulance is called to a house fire. Upon entering the burning house, a paramedic finds an unconscious woman. He decides to move her from the house using the fireman’s drag. The first step would be to
Tie the patients hands together
An athlete is sweaty, 101 degree F fever, Low BP, you suspect
Heat Exhaustion
Anaerobic
Lactic Acid
Anaphylactic & Septic Shock, Low BP due to
Vasodilation
Angina caused by physical or emotional stress is called
Stable Angina
Anterior Cord Syndrome
Decreased sensation of pain & temp below the level of lesion
Antidepressant
Elavil & Tofranil (ET)
Antipsychotic
Mellaril & Thorazine
Any patient who is angry, hostile or paranoid should be met with
Non aggressive behavior
Aphasia
Inability to produce or understand speech
Ask about allergy history
To prevent allergic reaction
Aspirin OD will leave patient in
Metabolic Acidosis
Atelectasis
PaO2 will fall
Athlete is Sweaty, 101 Fever, Low BP, you suspect
Heat Exhaustion
Athletic lifting weights sudden headache
Suspect Rupture Aneurysm
Atrial rate: A 42 y/o women has taken 20 tablets of her antidepressants. All vitals are stable (30 min. ago), What do you do
Call poison control, Monitor EKG, IV access, Syrup of Ipecac
Bad Cholesterol
LDL
Barking cough
Croup
Barrel chest and Pursed lips, Forceful exhalation: Diagnosis
Emphysema
Before what should you listen to Bruits
Carotid Sinus Massage Vagal Maneuver
Behavioral Emergency
Can Not be tolerated by patient or members of society
Best indication of Nero function
Level of Consciousness
Best method on Psycho Patient
Talk Down
Best method to use on an LSD patient
“Talk Down”
Best place for chest decompressions
2nd or 3rd intercoastal, midclavicular
Best Pre - Hospital Fluid Replacement
Colloid (9% Saline)
Best way to prevent Anaphylaxis
Ask about allergies to medication
Beta 1
Heart (increase HR and increase force of contraction)
Beta 1
Increased heart rate - actually question referenced only Beta, not 1 or 2, and increased heart rate was the only one there of the two answers
Beta 1
Increased HR
Beta 2
Increased respiration
Beta 2
Lung (Bronchodilation)
Beta stimulation will cause
Vasoconstriction
Beta Stimulation will cause all, Except
Vasoconstriction
Bilateral, Dilated Pupils Indicated
Cerebral Hypoxia
Bile
Made in the Liver but Stored in the Gallbladder
Blood Clot from Legs will Lodge into
Lungs
Blood that is lacking in O2
Hypoxemia
Blood under the Dura is
Subdural
Blue or purple lesions on AIDS patients face, neck, mouth
Kaposi’s Sarcoma
Buffer of the Body
Bicarbonates
Body principal buffer
HCo3 (Bicarb)
Body Principle Buffer
Bicarbonate
Body’s tendency to stay constant
Homeostasis
Bronchiolitis is an
Inflammation of the bronchioles
Build up of Lactic Acids
Metabolic Acidosis
Caissons Disease or Bends
Diving illness
Cardiac Tamponade is indicated by
Distant Heart Sounds
Care must be taken when restraining a
Psychiatric Patient ( due to false imprisonment)
Carotid Brutus indicates
Atherosclerosis
Carpal Pedal Spasm are caused from
Respiratory Alkalosis and Hyperventilation
Catching a disease from contaminated linen is an example if
Indirect Contamination
Cations in the Body
Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Potassium (K), Sodium (Na)
Cations in the body
Remember the dead cat eyes (+ + ) Ca, Mg, K, Na
Causes a breakdown of stored Glycogen to Glucose
Glucagon
Cells of the heart that conduct electrical activity causing depolarization and contraction
Automaticity
Central Venous Pressure is the Same as
Right Atrial Pressure
Cerebellum
Motor control, Balance, Coordination, Makes body move smoothly
Cerebrum
Thought, Personality, Speech, Learning, Memory & Analysis
Characterized by periods of extreme highs and lows
Maniac Disorders
Chemical Blood Attracts Water
Sodium
Chemical Mediator for Parasympathetic Nervous System
Acetylcholine
Chemoreceptors
Pons, Medulla, Aortic Arch
Chicken Pox, Measles, Mumps
Spread by Airborne Droplets
Chief Extracellular Cation
Sodium
Chief Intracellular Cations
Potassium
Child gets hand stuck on dry ice for more than 5 minutes
Immerse in warm water 100 degree
Cholecystitis
Upper quadrant pain after eating fatty foods
Chronic Alcohol intake & Vitamin Deficiency
Wernicke’s Syndrome
Chronic Bronchitis
Blue Bloater
Chronotropic
Rate
Chron’s Disease
Chronic inflammatory bowel disease affecting the ileum, colon or both
Chron’s Disease
Gastrointestinal System
Common Antidepressants (Cyclic or Tricyclic)
Elavil and Tofranil
Common causes of Pulmonary Edema, all Except
Psychogenic Shock
Common Symptom for complete Heart Block
Syncope
Common treatment for drug Tricyclic antidepressant overdose
Sodium Bicarbonate
Complication of Thrombolytic Surgery
Excessive bleeding
Concern with 15% BSA
Septic
Concussion
Brief period of unconsciousness, Followed by complete return of function
Countercoup
Injury occurring at a site opposite the side of impact
COPD
Transport Patient
Coral Snake Colors are
Yellow, Red, and Black
Coral Snake has
Neurotoxin
Croup S / S include all, except
Bacterial, (it is a viral infection)
Crushing Triad
Increase in Systolic pressure, Decrease in pulse & respiratory rate that result from an increase ICP
Curvature of the spine
Kyphosis
Cushing Triad is Associated with
Increasing ICP
Cushing’s Reflex Sx / Sx
Decreased LOC, Increased BP, Decreased HR, Change in Respirations
CVA - LOC
Hemiparalisis
CVA only lasting couple of hours
TIA
CVP
Measure Right Atria pressure
Damage to C 1 to C 2 results in
Cessation of respirations
Death of tissue is called
Necrosis
Decorticate posturing occurs by
A lesion in the brain stem
Decerebrate posturing
Damage in brainstem (Decorticate can be above brainstem)
Define Osmosis
Low to High
Definition
Grand Mal Seizure
Definition for Shock
Hypoperfusion
Definition of Countercoup
Occurring on the opposite side of impact on the brain
Definition of Dysconjugate Gaze
Failure of the eyes to rotate simultaneously in the same direction, or the eyes gazing in different directions
Definition of Shock
Lack of Tissue Perfusion
Dehydrated Sx / Sx, Except
Decrease in Heart Rate
Dehydration has the following signs, Except
Jugular Vein Distention
Delirium Tremors can occur
48 -72 hours, After Cessation of alcohol (ETOH)
Delusional Geriatric
Remove Pt. from situation
Delusional patient seeing things
Go along with problem
Developed diabetes during pregnancy
Gestational diabetes
Diabetes
Type I insulin (acetone odor low LOC, Kussmaul resp.
Diabetic Keto Acidosis
Kussmaul
Diabetic ketoacidosis can be caused by
The patient not taking his / her insulin
Diabetic with BS 40, action you would Not do
IV Insulin
Diabetic patient with headache, Most important question
How long has he had the headache
Dialysis
Removal of toxins in the blood through semi - permeable membrane
Diffusion
Movement of gasses from high concentration to a lower concentration
Digitalis Toxicity
Atrial fibrillation, do not shock
Dilated pupils most diagnostic of
Cerebral Hypoxia
Discolor of Skin
Ecchymosis
Disconjugated Gaze
Pt.’s eyes do not move together
Diseases spread by droplets
Measles, Mumps, Chicken Pox, Rubella
Diuretic therapy
Side effect is Hypokalemia (potassium)
Diuretic therapy with Lasix
Hypokalemia
Dive questions
Let Lateral Recumbent
DKA
High Blood Sugar, Dry Skin
DNR Color
Yellow
Do Not give a SQ injection to a patient that is in
Shock
DO NOT physically restrain
out of control parents
Drop BP
Late sign of Decompensated Shock
Drowning victim want to treat
Hypoxia / Acidosis
Due to bronchiole spasm, a patient with asthmatic bronchitis exhibits
Expiratory wheezes
During Cardiac Arrest there is a buildup of Lactic Acid
Metabolic Acidosis
During the Heimlich Maneuver, the Rescuer places his hand on the
Epigastrium
Dysarthria
Difficulty speaking, Speech may be slurred
Dyspnea is
Difficult or Painful breathing
Earliest Detectable Sign of Shock
Tachycardia
Ecchymosis over Flanks
Gray - Turner
Eclampsia
Seizures
Effusion
The escape of fluid into a cavity
Elavil / Tofranil
Two common Tricyclic Antidepressants
Elderly Abuse
Unreasonable Confinement
Elderly abuse is all except
Reasonable confinement
Emesis should be induced for the ingestion of
Salicylate (aspirin)
Emphysema
(Pink Puffer) Barrel chest, Pink skin, Recent weight loss, Makes exhalation active
Endocrine System Acts By
Releasing hormones into the bloodstream ( i.e.: Insulin)
Enlarged Liver, Distended Neck Veins, & Edema
Heart Failure
Epidural Hematoma
Loss of consciousness, regains consciousness the fades away & quickly moves toward unconsciousness with decreased level of consciousness
Epinephrine & Norepinephrine
Secrete from Adrenal Glands
Epistaxis
Blood from nose
Erythrocyte
Carried 0 2 on Hemoglobin
Erythrocytes
95 % of formed element in the blood
Escape of fluids from vascular space into cavity
Effusion
Escape of fluids from vascular space into pleural space
Pleural Effusion
Exchanging various biochemical substances across semi permeable membranes to remove substances
Dialysis
Exclusion Criteria for Thrombolytics all, Except
Hip Surgery 2 yrs. Ago
Exclusion Criteria from Thrombolytic Therapy, all Except
Hip Surgery 2 Years Ago.
Excretory Function of Blood
Removing Waste Products Such as Urea, Lactic Acid & Creatine from Cells
Excretory function of the blood
To remove lactic acid from cells
Experiencing a sense of death or fear. Distress over a real or imagined threat to one’s own mental or physical well being. This is the definition of
Anxiety
Experiencing a sense of dread or fear, Distress over real or imagined threat to one’s own mental or physical well being is the definition of
Anxiety
External Jugular vein is Not a
Central line
Extra Cellular Cation
Sodium
Extracellular Cation
Sodium
Extrapyramidal
Caused by Antipsychotic drugs
Extrapyramidal Reaction
Response to treatment or to a drug characterized by involuntary movement & changes in muscle tone
Eyes don’t move in unison
Dysconjugate Gaze
Facial Droop
CVA
False beliefs
Delusions
Farmer with Headache & Nausea
Organophosphate
Fast Occurring Problem that can cause Brain Damage if Untreated
Hypoglycemia
Fecal or Orally Transmitted Disease
Hepatitis A
Female, 50ish, Mild Intermittent Chest Pain. Vitals stable
O2, Monitor, IV, Transport
Fever, Productive Cough, Night Sweats, Weight Loss
Tuberculosis TB (If NO cough, go with AIDS)
Field treatment for fever
Remove clothing
Fluid in Abdomen
Ascites
Found in red blood cells and transports O2 to the body
Hemoglobin
Gallup heart sound ( S-3 ) is a symptom of
CHF
GCS
Eye Opening - 4, Verbal Response - 5, Motor Response - 6
Generalized cooling of the body (hypothermia) is caused by
Prolonged Exposure to Cold Temperatures
Glasgow Coma Scale
No Pupil Response
Glucagon
Protein released by Alpha Cell. When Glucose level is low.
Glucagon releases
Glycogen from the liver
Grand Mal Seizures
Sudden LOC with Loss of Organized Muscle Tones
Head Injury
Sub Dural Hematoma
Headache, stiff neck
Meningitis
Heat Stroke - Nipple line T - 4 - Heat exhaustion, Fever 101 degree, BP 84/P, Sitting & Standing changes what medical condition do you think is caused
Peripheral / Vascular Constriction
Heat Stroke is caused by
The failure of heat regulating mechanism in the body
Hematochezia
Blood from rectum
Hemiplegia, Facial droop, Dysphasia, Characteristic of
Cerebrovascular accident
Hemoglobin
Responsible for Transport and delivery of o2 to body cells
Hemoglobin
Transport o2 iron containing compound
Hemoptysis
Coughing blood
Hemotoxin
Toxin in the blood
Hepatitis A
No blood borne - Fecal
High Respiration
Acidosis
High risk for AIDS
Increase exposure to blood or body fluids secretions (unprotected sex)
Homeostasis is the
Stability of the Internal Environment, Maintains Equilibrium
How are Measles, Rubella, and Varicella transmitted
Airway droplets
How do you transport scuba diving patient foaming from mouth
Trendelenberg (left side)
How to restrain a behavioral emergency
One arm above his head, One arm by his side, Patient lying prone with feet tied at the end of the stretcher
Hydrogen Ions
Eliminated by the kidneys
Hypercalomia
Calcium
Hypercarbia
Lot of Co2
Hyperkalemia
Is high level of Potassium
Hyperplasia
Increase in # of cell resulting and increase tissue size of an organ
Hyperpnea and Orthopnea (deep and rapid) are signs of
Kussmaul respirations
Hypertension & JVD are common in
Chronic Bronchitis
Hypertensive Crisis
Severe headache 210/130
Hyphema
Blood in the eye
Hypoglycemia is dangerous because of
Possible Brain Cell Damage
Hypokalemia
Is a low level of Potassium
Hypotonic solution given to a dehydrated person will
Push fluid into the intestinal space
Hypoxemia
Low O2 in the Blood
ICP
Mannitol
If a EOA is inserted and No Breath Sounds are Heard, The EOA id probably
In the Esophagus
If a patient is exposed to Dry Lime on the body, you should
Brush off the chemical and flush with water
If a psychiatric patient is crying, you should
Listen and let him / her cry
If the patient is laying face down on the floor, he is
Prone
IgE
Antibody responsible for the release of Histamine
IgE
Primary antibody affecting anaphylactic reaction
In a patient with a Myocardial Infarction, the information the doctor can obtain over the radio is
Present complaints and history
In a patient with Status Epilipticus, we should Not
Try to Intubate
In dealing with a hostile patient, You and your partner should
Stand apart from each other at equal distances from the patient
In order to help with CHF one must
Reduce Pre - load
In paranoid patient
Do Not take relatives aside to discuss patient
In shock patients, low BP is due to
Vasodilation
Increased carbon dioxide in the blood
Hypercarbia
Increased ICP
Decreased LOC, Increased BP, Decreased P, Widening pulse pressure
Increased Pyruvic & Lactic Acid During Cardiac Arrest
Metabolic Acidosis
Indication for transport of seizure patient
No regaining of consciousness between seizures
Injury to the opposite if impact is
Countercoup
Inotropic refers to
Contractility
Intelligence part of the brain
Cerebrum
Intracellular Cation
Potassium
Inotropic
Contraction
Irreversible Shock
Low Heart Rate, Slower than Normal
Isolated Head Injury
Rare to see shock
Isuprel
Beta Stimulator
Isoproterenol
Increases myocardial o2 consumption
It is Not Appropriate for a Rape Victim to
Cleans her Perineum with Sterile Saline
IV for COPD at KVO rate
5 % Dextrose in sterile water
IV slow rate in cardiac
Pulmonary Edema
JVD is best observed at a
45 degree angle
JVD Sx / Sx
Tension Pneumo, RT Heart Failure, Cardiac Tamponade
JVD, Narrowing Pulse Pressure, Clear Lung Sounds
Cardiac Tamponade
Kaposi’s Sarcoma
Multifocal cell that begins as soft brownish or purple papules on the feet and slowly spreads in the skin. ( Associated with Diabetes, Malignant Lymphoma AIDS and other Disorders
Kaposi’s Sarcoma
Purplish / bluish lesions on AIDS patient
Kidneys Rely on Perfusion During the
Systolic Phase of Blood and Blood Pressure
Know the description of different seizures
Grand Mal Seizure
Know the SX / SX of Increased Intercranial Pressure
High Blood Pressure, Low Heart Rate
Kussmaul and Central Neurologic Respirations are characterized How
Deep & Rapid
Laryngotracheobronchitis is
Croup…Occurs in young PEDS at night, Stridor
Laryngotracheobronchitis, (Croup) Sx / Sx of
Stridor, Fever, Brassy cough
Late sign of irreversible shock
Bradycardia
Left Shoulder Pain
Spleen
Lining of Abdominal Cavity
Peritoneal
Lining of Stomach
Peritoneum
LOC for 3 - 5 minutes and return is
Concussion
Location of spleen
LUQ
Loss of consciousness for 3 - 5 minutes and return
Concussion
Loss of Consciousness for 3 minutes and return
Concussion
Loss of consciousness then slowly decreased LOC
Epidural hematoma
Loss of Intercoastal Muscle
Retains Co2
Loss of Memory, Hemiplegia, Asphagia are Classic Signs of a
CVA
Loss of sensation below nipple line, Where is the problem coming from
T – 4
LSD
Talk down Technique
Lungs are covered by
Visceral Pleura
LUQ Pain
Spleen
Main Priority with COPD
Transport
Major Cation is
Potassium
Major extracellular cation is
Sodium
Male patient that takes 0.25mg Digoxin daily, Should not shock because
He takes Digoxin
Male with Sweating & Nausea
Syncope
Man complains of sudden onset of SOB & CP after working out
Spontaneous Pneumothorax
Mania / maniac depressant
Condition causes tremendous mood swings, near euphoria to depression
Mania
Mood characterized by great excitement / activity
Massive Hemothorax is associated with
Increasing ICP
Master Endocrine Gland
Pituitary gland
Measles, Mumps, and Chicken Pox are Spread by
Airborne Droplets
Mechanism of Action for Glucagon
Releases Glycogen from the Liver
Medical patient, the first thing you ask or evaluate
Chief complaint
Medulla Oblongata
Pulse rate, Respiration, BP
Meningitis
Kind with headache, Fever, Stiffness
Metabolic Acidosis
Excess acid is added to the body fluids / bicarbonate lost from them
Metabolic Alkalosis
Loss of acid in the body or increase levels of base bicarbonate
Mild Asthma
Albuterol 2.5mg
Minimum # on GCS
3
Mood Swings
Maniac disorder
Most common of sexually transmitted disease
Gonorrhea
Most common route of poisoning
Ingestion
Must occur to Maintain Relative Homeostasis
Input Must Equal Output
Mother acting / interfering in unconscious child’s treatment - How do you deal
Calmly tell her what you are doing to the child
Mother interfering in unconscious Childs treatment, do all except
Restrain her from scene
Motor Function
Cerebellum
Movement of (Water) from area of Lower to an area of Higher Concentration
Osmosis
Movement of fluid or molecules through a cell membrane against the concentration
Active transport
Movement of Molecules Across Membrane, using energy
Active Transport
Muscle to bone
Tendon
Must occur to maintain relative homeostasis
Input must equal output
Narcan patient combative, aggressive waking up, Mood swings
Maniac Disorder
Narrow Pulse Pressure with JVD and Clear Breath Sounds
Cardiac Tamponade
Naturally occurring Catecholamines in body
Epi, NorEpi, Dopamine
Naturally occurring chemical for Vagus Nerve
Acetylcholine
Near Drowning
Management of Hypoxia Acidosis
Neurogenic, Anaphylaxis & Septic Shock, the Low BP is due to
Vasodilatation
No Contraction of Heart Muscle in Spite of Normal Electrical Activity
PEA
NorEpi causes
Vasoconstriction
Normal Pulse Rate of an adult is
60 - 100 Beats per / minute
Not a Beta Effect
Bronchoconstriction
Not an Exclusion Criteria for Thrombolytics
Hip Surgery 2 years ago
Not part of Primary Survey
Vital Signs
Not to be contracted by blood & body fluids
Hepatitis A (water, food)
Number one Vertebra is also known as
Atlas
