2 Flashcards
Know the S/S of increased intercranial pressure
HIGH BP and LOW HR
Guarding the opening of the trachea is a thin, leaf-shaped valve called the
Epiglotitis
A patient with a long bone fracture may suffer from a
Fat embolism
The pulmonary arteries carries
deoxygenated blood to the lungs
One pint of blood is
500cc’s
Minute volume’s
Respiratory rate x Tidal volume
Kidney’s rely on perfusion during the
systolic phase of blood and blood pressure
Sudden onset of wheezing in one lung is
Foreign Body Inspiration
The medical term for coughing up blood (pink, blood filled sputum) is
Hemoptysis
All are microorganism except
Erythrocytes
In a patient with myocardial infarction, the information the doctor can obtain over the radio is
Present complaints and history
Dehydration has the following signs except
JVD
A patient presents with rapid onset dyspnea, Urticaria (hives), tachypnea, and a blood pressure of 80/60. This patient is suffering from
Anaphylactic Shock
Vomiting usually occurs during removal of an
EOA
Pulse pressure is the
Difference between the systolic and diastolic
If there is a question about which of the 5 or 6 P’s pick
Pressure (it was on the test but cannot remember the question but other people have told me the answer is Pressure)
The whistling sound associated with asthma is called
Wheezing
The purple colored lesions on the face and body from AIDS is called
Karposi Sarcoma
Pale skin (pallor) is caused by
Vasoconstriction
All are clinical signs of shock except
Constricted pupils
Usual MAST deflation sequence is
Abdomen, right leg, left leg (inflation is left leg, right leg, abdomen)
The rate of KVO is
10mL/hour
When starting a tourniquet (venous constricting band) it is applied so
That it occludes venous return, but allow arterial flow
The oxygen delivery device used for emphysema is the
Nasal cannula or venturi mask
The technique that will not help distend a vein for Venipuncture is to
Elevate the arm
A mini drip IV set delivers
60gtts/min
Carpal pedal spasm are caused from
Respiratory alkalosis and hyperventilation
Do not give a subQ injection to a patient that is in
Shock
The patient has blood gases of pH is 7.15, PCO2 is 60, PO2 is 60. The patient is in
Respiratory acidosis
Use an EOA when patient had overdosed on
Valium
The major hazard involved in a catheter through the needle system is the chance of
Catheter embolus
A patient has been intubated and only breath sounds are heard on the right side of the chest. You should attempt to fix this by
Pulling back the tube slightly and listening again
External jugular vein is not a
Central line
When intubating a child under 8, you should use an
Uncuffed tube
When you intubate a patient, it is not a must to
Use a Miller laryngoscope
A local complication of using an IV does not include
Causing sepsis
The patient has blood gases of pH-7.00, PCO2-35, PO2-95, HCO3-12. The most appropriate immediate action is to give
Sodium Bicarbonate
One of the indications for the MAST suit is
A pelvis fracture
The correct placement of a laryngoscope blade is
The Valecula
The patient with COPD has his respiratory drive triggered by
Decreased oxygen levels
A patient in a motorcycle accident. He has lacerations to his head that is actively bleeding. His vitals are, BP 80/40, P 110. Treat him by giving
actated Ringers wide open.
Hyperventilation helps to correct
Respiratory acidosis
The IV solution closest to blood plasma is
Lactated Ringers
A common side effect of Bretylium is
Postural hypotension
Common side effects of EPI subQ (SQ) or IV are
Palpations and high blood pressure
You are to draw up 400mg Dopamine that comes 25mg/cc. The number of cc’s you will draw up to put in the bag is
16cc’s
A major side effect of certain types of diuretic therapies is
Hypokalemia
The drug of choice for treating hyperkalemia is
Calcium Chloride
One of the adverse reactions of Isuprel is not
Bradycardia
Atropine works by
Blocking the effects of the vagus nerve
A 60 y/o patient complains of palpitations. His P-145, BP-110/60, R-24. He also has wide complex tachycardia. Treatment would be
Lidocaine 1-1.5mg/kg
In a chronic heroin user, the use of Narcan can cause
A withdrawal reaction
All of the following are true regarding Lidocaine, except that it
Decreases cardiac function
A 9-month pregnant pt has seizures. The treatment should be
Valium 5-10mg
A migrant worker has been picking tomatoes. He suddenly complains of a headache and dizziness. Upon a physical exam, he has a strong, bounding pulse and hot, flushed, dry skin. He also begins to have seizures. Treatment of this pt would not include using
Diazepam 15mg IV (Heat Stroke)
The most appropriate indication for ammonia ampules would be to
Terminate a syncopal episode
Narcan is used to reverse the respiratory depression of
Darvan
An individual with unknown drug is in respiratory distress, hypotensive, and in a stupor. He also has pinpoint pupils. The paramedic might suspect a
Morphine overdose
Narcan is effective in reversing the effects of
Narcotics and Opiate based derivatives
The pharmacological treatment of anaphylactic shock is
EPI and Benadryl
The fastest route of administration of the following IM, SQ, SC, ET is
ET
A side effect of a small pupils is not an affect of
Valium
Isuprel is used in
Bradycardia
You give 25gm of Dextrose from a 100cc amp of 50% Dextrose
50cc’s of Dextrose will be given
A drug used to decrease intracranial pressure is
Mannitol
An adult dose of activated charcoal is
1gm/kg
Lasix does not
Increase preload
Mallaril and Thorazine are in the category of
Tricyclic antidepressant
Common treatment of Tricyclic antidepressant overdose is
Sodium Bicarb
Two common Tricyclic antidepressant are
Elival and Tofranil
The first drug pediatric bradycardia is
Oxygen
Early signs of Lidocaine toxicity are
Tremors and parasthesia
A side effect that is not common of Atropine is
Bradycardia
The pediatric dose of subQ EPI is
0.01mg/kg
Isuprel is a
Beta stimulator
A doctor orders 1000mg of a drug. The drug comes packaged as 0.5gm/cc. the number of cc’s given will be
2cc’s
All of the following are acceptable indications for the administration of IV Nitro except
Ventricular Dysrhythmia’s (pain relief in unstable angina, PE, MI were the other choices)
The route that is not a parenteral route of drug administration is
Oral
A pt chief complaint is midsternal chest pain. The monitor shows sinus bradycardia with PVC’s, P 40, BP 90/60, and R 22. The first drug to administer is
Atropine
Do not use Lidocaine for
Bradycardia with PVC’s
Narcan reverse the effect of all except
Valium
A needle inserted into connective tissue is called
Subcutaneous
The pediatric dose of Lidocaine (1mg/kg) for a 20 pound child is
9mg
Norepinephrine is classified as an
Alpha and beta stimulator
Mag sulfate is used to treat
Calcium channel blocker overdose
Death could occur if along with alcohol, a person takes
Morphine and/or Valium(potentiating)
A pediatric dosage of subQ EPI is 0.01mg/kg. The patient weighs 57 lbs. The amount of EPI given is
0.3mg
The Lidocaine dose for pulseless V-Tach (and V-Fib) is
1-1.5mg/kg
The need for increasing the amounts of a drug in order to achieve a desire effect is called
Tolerance
When beta-receptors are stimulated
The heart rate increases
All bronchodilators except
Benadryl
Verapamil is contraindicated for
Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome (WPW)
An athlete has fallen and injured his ankle. His BP 120/80, P 50, and skin are warm and dry. Treatment is to
Splint the ankle and transport
A pediatric ingests lye by mouth. The best treatment is t
.Give milk (this question popped up on the State test in Nov. of 2008)
Verapamil and Adenocard are used to treat
VT
The adult dose of EPI in asthma is
0.3-0.5mg
In addition to Lasix, all of the following are used to treat pulmonary edema except
Solu-Medrol
The characteristic of an ectopic pregnancy can be all of the following except
Third trimester pregnancy
An appropriate action when dealing with a child is to
let the mother and father to travel with the baby
The common cause of convulsions in a child 6 months to 6 years is
Febrile illness
A child complains of “bells ringing in the head” and is hyperventilating. This can be caused by an
ASA overdose
In pediatric arrest, the initial dose of Sodium Bicarb is
1mEq/kg
When rescue arrives, a woman is found to be in childbirth with a prolapsed cord. You should not
Try to push the cord back inside.
The fundus is massaged after placental delivery in order to
Control bleeding
Pediatric weight in 6 months should
Be double the birth weight
The pediatric dose of Lidocaine is
1mg/kg
The most dangerous disorder causing upper airway stridor is
Epiglottitis
Abrupto placenta is presented by
Abdominal pain and dark red bleeding (if any)
Along with pitocin to help control postpartum hemorrhage, you should
Massage the fundus and place the baby on the mother’s breast
Care must be given when examining a child with a swollen epiglottis because this may cause
Laryngospasms that are common in children with Epiglottitis
SIDS occur in children most frequently under
6 months (range of SIDS is up to 1 year)
When the baby’s head is delivered, the paramedic should support the head by
Distributing his fingers evenly around the head
In normal delivery of a baby, the head should be
Face down
Using EPI to treat respiratory ailments
A “failure” suggests bronchiolitis and “success” suggest asthma
The paramedic should palpate the infant’s pulse by the
Brachial, carotid, or radial (depending on the child’s size)
When opening the airway of an infant do not exaggerate the head tilt because this
May obstruct the breathing passages
Normal delivery of a full-term infant 1 min. after delivery finds that it’s body is pink, extremities are blue, P 120, and is crying lustily while jerking it’s arms and legs. The APGAR score is
9
The stage whose ending is marked by the delivery of the placenta is the
Third stage
You are called at 3am to a female with pain in her lower abdomen, bloody urine, and fever of 2 days. The physical exam reveals tenderness over the bladder and otherwise normal vitals except for a temperature of 100 degrees F. She also states that she “may be pregnant.” Due to the signs and symptoms, you should suspect
Inflammation of the bladder
A 3 y/o is suffering from an asthma attack. The dose of EPI 1:1000 is
0.01mg/kg
A 6 y/o was burned. He has blisters on arms and hands, blistered chest and abdomen. The rule of nine states that his burn percentage is
0.27
You are transporting a multigravida whose last 2 childbirth were C-Sections. She appears near full term and has contractions every 3-4 min. apart. She complains of a tearing pain in her lower abdomen and she begins to go into shock. This suggest
uterine rupture
All of the following cause uterine bleeding during the first trimester except
Placenta Previa
A 23 y/o female who is obese and approximately 6 months pregnant just had a grand mal seizure. Her P 145, BP 240/130, and has edema of extremities. She can be diagnosed with
Eclampsia
Treatment of the #617 patient with all of the following except
Attempting to open her mouth with a padded tongue depressor
The normal time of labor for a women having her first baby is
18 hours
If a baby is having difficulty with shoulder delivery, assist by
Gently pressing the baby downward
Thrombi arising in deep veins of the legs are most likely to migrate to the
Lungs
Emesis should be induced for the ingestion of
Salicylate (ASA)
Rapid cooling of a heat stroke patient is done to prevent
Irreversible brain damage
As you assess your trauma patient, you determine his GCS. He is awake but confused; he obeys commands, but when not stimulated, he falls to sleep. He responds to voice by opening his eyes. What is his GCS?
13
A patient has sustained a stab wound of the neck that has lacerated the jugular vein. He is suspected of having an air embolism. The appropriate treatment is
Applying pressure to the wound and positioning on the left side
Which of the following decreases during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy
B/P
According to OSHA, what must be available on site where hazardous materials are stored?
MSDS
All of the following are true regarding electrical burns except
there is more external than internal damage (there is an entrance and exit wound, it may cause V-Fib, path of electricity may follow nerve pathways…where other answers)
When do you NOT give Lidocaine?
PVC’s with bradycardia
What is the most serious complication of a joint injury?
blood vessel damage
What is the best way for a paramedic to prevent an anaphylactic reaction when giving medications to a patient?
ask about allergy history
A telemetry system in which voice and an EKG can be transmitted from the field to the hospital at the same time is an example of a
multiplex system
A major side effect of Lasix is
Hypokalemia
Flat neck veins are common to all of the following except
cardiac Tamponade (dehydration, hypovolemia, Hemothorax…..where other answers)
The key to effective management in a disaster situation is:
the communication system
Which is corrected with hyperventilation?
respiratory acidosis
What do you do for a patient who has a partial upper airway obstruction (adult) with a good exchange?
encourage coughing
You have just delivered a newborn whose mother was hypovolemic due to blood loss. What is the recommended fluid replacement for this newborn?
10cc/kg
Narcan is used to reverse the respiratory depression of:
darvon
Poor airway compliance is found frequently in all of the following conditions except:
pleuritis
The pediatric dose for atropine is:
0.02mg/kg
A patient needs increased amounts of a drug to achieve the desire effect. This is known as
tolerance
Which of the following is NOT a normal part of the “fight-or-flight” response?
pupils constrict
What is the name of the tower that increases the transmission range of a portable or mobile radio?
repeater
You are called to treat a 22 y/o female with sudden onset of LLQ pain. She is 2 weeks late for her period, and is shocky. What is the most likely diagnosis?
ectopic pregnancy
All of the following are side effects of Verapamil except:
tachycardia (hypotension, dilation of coronary arteries, bradycardia….where the other answers)
Pale skin (pallor) is caused by:
vasoconstriction
You are examining an EKG strip where the P-R interval progressively gets longer until a QRS is dropped. This rhythm is known as all of the following except:
complete heart block (mobitz I, 2nd degree heart block type I, wenkeback…..where the other answers)
Which of the following oxygen delivery devices are most frequently used for a patient with emphysema?
nasal cannula (NRM, simple mask, OPA…where the other answers)
The medical term for coughing up blood (pink, blood-tinged sputum) is:
hemoptysis
Neurological findings that occur during or after dialysis as a result of imbalance of intracellular and extracellular fluids in the brain is known as:
disequilibrium syndrome
You have a patient with apparent injuries from a bar fight. The patient is obviously under the influence of alcohol. The patient refuses treatment and signs a release. Is the release valid?
NO, because he is under the influence of alcohol
Granting of the privilege by physicians to paramedics to perform skills is called:
delegation of authority
Abruptio placenta is a true emergency. It is characterized by:
abdominal pain and dark red bleeding
Movement of air into and out of the lungs depends on:
pressure changes of the thoracic cavity
A legal document that indicates a patient’s end of life request regarding resuscitation is known as:
DNR order
After completing a patient care report, the paramedic realizes that he forgot to enter the drug dose. What should he do?
add a dated and signed written addendum
You are treating a patient in July with hot, dry skin, a temperature of 106 degrees, and unconsciousness. What is the most likely diagnosis?
heat stroke
Your 23 y/o male patient presents with a sharp chest pain of short duration, and SOB. What is the most likely cause of this patient’s problem?
spontaneous pneumothorax
Maintaining equilibrium can be characterized as:
homeostasis
All of the following are schedule I drugs EXCEPT:
COCAINE (heroin, mescaline, LSD…where other answers)
Which of the following bite is most neurotoxic?
coral snake
The most common cause of PID is:
gonorrhea
Treatment of abdominal evisceration should include all except:
replace and cover eviscerating organs
All of the following are signs or symptoms of organophosphate poisoning except:
dry mouth (ABD cramping, diarrhea, constricted pupils….where the other answers)
A fracture of the elbow should always be immobilized:
in the position it was found
A patient presents with pulmonary edema. She should be given:
nitroglycerine to reduce preload
A 55 y/o patient has a pulse rate of 50. There is a P for every QRS and the P-R interval is 0.16. The patient is cold and clammy and the B/P is 70/50. Indicate the rhythm and the initial treatment
sinus bradycardia and atropine 0.5mg
The proper adult dose of EPI for asthma is:
0.3-0.5mg
A seizure which presents the clonic movements of one hand, one arm or leg or one side of the face is called:
focal motor
Which of the following is usually NOT a sign or symptom of increased intracranial pressure?
hypotension (bradycardia, irregular or unequal pupils, vomiting….where some of the other answers)
Supine hypotensive syndrome is caused from:
pressure from the uterus on the vena cava
Which of the following is not a complication of an IV?
hypotension (thrombus formation, cellulitis, infection…..where some of the other answers)
In a patient with COPD, the respiratory drive is triggered by:
a decrease in O2
Which one DOES NOT produce small pupils?
valium (heroin, Demerol, organo phosphates….where some of the other answers)
When intubating a patient, you MUST DO all of the following except:
use a miller laryngoscope (check lung sounds after intubation, check cuff for leaks, ventilate by other means prior to intubation…….where the other answers)
The first compensatory mechanism to be used to maintain homeostasis is:
bicarbonate buffer system
You have an IV running at 50gtts/min. You are using a macro 10. The physician wants to know how many cc per hour your IV is running
300cc/hr
A 55 y/o fell while playing basketball. He injured his right ankle. The skin is warm and dry. B/P 110/80 and pulse rate is 50. All of the following are appropriate except:
atropine 0.5 mg IV (EKG monitor, splint leg, frequent circulation checks….where the other answers)
Narcan reverses the effect of all of the following except:
valium (darvon, morphine, talwin…..where the other answers)
Which of the following is not a side effect of atropine:
sweating (tachycardia, blurred vision, dry mouth….where the other answers)
Hyperthyroidism which causes an increase in thyroid hormone circulating in the blood is also known as:
Graves’ Disease
A patient with a head injury suddenly has a left pupil that is fixed and dilated and the right is slow to respond to light. This is:
neurological crisis
All of the following are opportunistic infections associated with AIDS except:
appendicitis (thrush or monilia, TB, pneumonia….where the other answers)
A 40 y/o female presents with a two week loss of appetite, general malaise and RUQ tenderness. She tells you her stools are clay-colored and her urine is tea colored. What do you think is causing these symptoms?
hepatitis
A psychiatric patient is crying. What should you do?
listen and let him cry
The mechanism of injury can tell the paramedic about the patient’s condition. Of the injuries below, which would most likely occur with a collapsed steering column?
flail chest (basilar skull fracture, ruptured spleen, fractured pelvis……where the other answers)
Atropine works by:
blocking the effects of the vagus nerve
Which of the following infectious diseases are spread by droplets?
measles, mumps, chicken pox
Which of the following is false regarding burns?
there is insignificant damage to underlying soft tissue
When BETA receptors are stimulated, what happens?
heart rate increases
Verapamil is contraindicated in which of the following conditions?
W-P-W
Paradoxical chest wall movement that lessens respiratory efficiency may suggest a
flail chest
Which of the following is an isotonic crystalloid?
Normal Saline
A patient has lost feeling below the nipple line. This would indicate a spinal injury at the level of:
T4
By 4 to 6 months, a child should have:
doubled the birth weight
A crackling sensation in the neck due to air under the skin is called:
SQ emphysema
A patient complains of SOB. He has, upon assessment, a barrel chest and pursed lips. What is the most likely diagnosis?
emphysema
The pulmonary artery carries:
deoxygenated blood to the lungs
The patient has been exposed to dry lime all over his body. Your action would be:
brush off chemical then flush with water
A drug with a positive Inotropic effect will cause:
increased force of contraction
A patient with blood gas values of pH-7.15, PC02-60, P02-60 is suffering from
respiratory acidosis
The movement of gas from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is:
diffusion
The kidneys are located:
retroperitoneal
A whistling sound heard in inspiration and expiration while auscultating lung field is called
Wheezing
The above strip represents:
1st degree block, W-P-W, Bradycardia, or NSR…(you figure it out)
Your patient has the above rhythm. He has no pulse and is not breathing. All of the following could be causes except
hypocarbia (cardiac Tamponade, fluid loss, hypoxia….where the other answers)
The above strip represents:
Sinus Bradycardia, Normal Sinus Rhythm, Bundle Branch Block, First degree AV block (you figure it out)
A hyperglycemic condition that only occurs during pregnancy is known as:
gestational diabetes
All of the following would have hyper resonant percussion sounds except:
Hemothorax (pneumothorax, asthma, emphysema…where the other answers)
Furosemide has all of the following effects or side effects except:
hyperkalemia (venodilation, reducing preload, increased urine output….where the other answers)
The term for stiffness and flexibility of airflow or airflow which occurs with minimal resistance is known as:
compliance
The most common indication for a surgical cricothyrotomy is:
.massive facial trauma
Polycythemia means
excessive RBC’s
You are at a MCI and are using the S.T.A.R.T. triage system to evaluate the victims. A patient has a respiratory rate of 40. What category does this put him into?
RED
The process by which the EMT sorts patients into categories of priority for care and transport is called:
triage
The presence of pouch-like herniations through the muscular layer of the colon is known as:
diverticulosis
The number one cause of bradycardia in newborns is:
hypoxia
You are called to the workplace of a 20 y/o male who came to work feeling ill. He is c/o a stiff neck, high fever, headache and backache. He is most likely suffering from:
meningitis
An individual with known drug abuse is in respiratory distress, hypotensive, and stuporous. He has pinpoint pupils. The paramedic might suspect:
morphine overdose
After you attach your patient to the EKG monitor, you note quite a bit of 60-cycle interference. Which of the following maneuvers would be most likely to correct this problem?
disconnect any electrical appliances in the vicinity
The depth of compressions for a child is:
1/3 to ½ the depth of chest wall
What types of frequencies are used for medical communications?
UHF, VHF
The master gland responsible for excreting oxytocin and ACTH is:
pituitary
A patient has been burned on the front of both legs and front of both arms. What % burn is it?
0.27
Two common Tricyclic antidepressants are:
Elavil and Tofranil
The pediatric dose of Lido is:
1mg/kg of body weight
You are called to the scene of a construction site accident. A 31 y/o male was working in a trench when the walls collapsed. His co-workers have freed his abdomen, chest, and head, but he is still trapped from the waist down. The patient appears to be purple from the shoulders up and is having marked difficulty breathing. His eyes are bulging, and his lips appear swollen. You suspect
traumatic asphyxia
In a case of malpractice, the courts will compare the actions of the defendant to the actions his peers would have taken under the same circumstances. This comparison is known as the:
standard of care
Heat stroke is caused by:
failure of the heat-regulating mechanisms
A child has overdosed on ASA. You would expect to see all of the following except:
hypoventilation
A liquid drug which is prepared using an alcohol process and which usually has some of the alcohol in the final preparation is a(n):
tincture
The primary concerns in treating a near-drowning victim are management of:
hypoxia and acidosis
Cribbing is most often used to:
stabilize a vehicle
You are assessing a pregnant patient in labor. She tells you this is the 4th time she has been pregnant and she had 2 miscarriages and one live birth. She is considered to be:
G4 P1(G means # of pregnancy and P means how many live births)
A 55 y/o female who is a mother of four complains of RUQ pain with nausea and vomiting you suspect:
cholecystitis (REMEMBER: lower quadrant pain usually means ectopic pregnancy)
When responding to a call lights and siren on a four lane highway, it is best to:
drive in the left lane so traffic can move to the right
The blue or purple colored lesions found on the face, mouth and other parts of the body of the AIDS patient is usually:
Kaposi’s sarcoma
A 16 y/o male was hit in the head with a baseball bat and has suffered a closed head injury. Which IV fluids are appropriate for this patient?
NS & LR
When is it NOT necessary to reassess ET tube placement?
after attaching a pulse oximetry unit
Your trauma patient is exhibiting signs of a tension pneumothorax. What would be your order of treatment?
Oxygen, Pleural decompression, Transport, IV
Which of the following is not a type of muscle?
involuntary
Fluid replacement for an adult trauma patient is based on:
20mL/kg bolus
Do not give a SC injection to a patient who:
.is in shock
The inner most layer of the uterus is the:
endometrium
You are called to the scene of a 70 y/o patient with SOB. His wife sts he has been having difficulty sleeping in a flat position for the last 2 nights. The patient has dried blood on his lips. Which of the following conditions is most likely the cause of his SOB?
pulmonary edema
Cardiac output
HR x stroke volume
The section of the brain which controls posture is called the:
cerebellum
The major extracellular cation is:
sodium
Endocrine glands do what?
excrete hormones into blood stream
Front windshields are made from:
laminated safety glass
Clinical signs of tension pneumothorax are all of the following except:
flat neck veins
Ms. J. is in DKA. Her breathing pattern is hypernea and tachypnea. What is this respiratory pattern called?
Kussmauls
What PPE should be worn during delivery?
gloves, mask, gown, protective eyewear
Which is the most appropriate sequence of treatment for a victim of an explosion?(REMEMBER: your ABC’s)
assess adequacy of airway, ventilate and oxygenate as indicated, stop arterial bleeding from a radial artery, treat a closed fracture of the femur(REMEMBER: restore the breathing, stop the bleeding, protect the wound)
A group of frequencies close together is called:
band
What is Urticaria?
hives
A patient with major burns has hypovolemic shock because of:
plasma loss
An extrapyramidal reaction is caused by what classification o0f drugs?
antipsychotics
A patient presents as follows – bizarre acting, cool, clammy skin, slurred speech, and staggers. The diagnosis for this patient is:
hypoglycemia
Radio frequencies are measured in:
megahertz
A drug that can be used instead of EPI to treat V-Fib is:
vasopressin
The senior citizen has special problems inherent to this aging process. The correct description of a body change due to the aging process is:
diminished vision
Metabolic acidosis occurs in all of the following except:
hyperventilation syndrome
You are called to the scene of a 2 y/o with difficulty breathing. He is using accessory muscles, has grunting respirations, and nasal flaring. Which of the following is the best treatment regime for this patient?
leave the child in mother’s lap, use a NRM and monitor progress
Which of the following is true regarding a basilar skull fracture?
raccoon’s eyes is a late sign
During a fire your partner falls down a flight of stairs. What method would you use to remove him from the burning building?.
clothes drag
Rescue arrives to find a woman in childbirth and upon examination finds the cord is prolapsed. Treatment would include all except:
push the cord back into the canal
What is the appropriate dose of EPI for asthma in an adult?
0.3 to 0.5 mL of a 1:1000 solution administered SQ
You are using an IV set with 15 drops per mL to administer 50mL per hour. How many drops per minute do you give?
13
The time from conception until delivery is known as:
prenatal
What type of cerebral hemorrhage usually occurs rapidly due to an arterial bleed?
Epidural DRUGS
1 side effect of Bretylium
Hypotension
0.3 mg Epinephrine SQ for
Mild allergic reaction
110 lbs patient, What is the Lidocaine dose
50 mg, then 2 - 4 mg / min
17 lbs Pedi Lidocaine dose
8 mg
1st drug in PEA
EPI
20 drop set in 30 minutes running at 50 drops
75 ml
21 yr old Asthma patient, what drug
Albuterol 2.5 mg via Nebulizer
60 Drop Set in 30 minutes Running at 20 Drops
10 ml
60 gtts Set Run 15 gtts/min How much in one hour
15
60 gtts Set Run 20 gtts / min How much in one hour
30
60 mg
1 grain
60 yr. Old patient weighing 100 lbs. complains of palpitations. P 145, BP 110/60, R 24. Wide complex Tachycardia. Treatment
Lidocaine 1 – 1.5mg /kg, 50 mg IVP
65 kg patient, how much Epinephrine for allergic reaction
0.3 - 0.5 ml (1:1000) SQ
80 kg patient with PVC
100 mg Lidocaine
A 9 month pregnant patient has seizures. The treatment should be
Valium 5 - 10 mg
A common side effect of Bretylium is
Postural Hypotension
A complication from starting an IV is
Air Embolism & Phlebitis
A contraindication for Lidocaine is
Sinus Bradycardia with multifocal PVC’s
A Doctor orders 1000 mg of a drug. The drug comes packaged as 0.5 gm / cc. The number of cc’s given will be
2 cc’s
A drug used in the field to counteract a severe Tricyclic OD is
Sodium Bicarbonate
A drug used to Decrease Intracranial Pressure is
Mannitol
A local complication of using an IV does NOT include
Causing Sepsis
A major side effect of certain types of diuretic therapies
Hypokalemia
A mini solution drip set is how many drops per minute
60
A Needle Inserted into Connective Tissue is called
Subcutaneous
A patient that has been taking Haldol & is exhibiting extra pyramidal reactions should be treated by giving
Benadryl
A patient’s Chief Complaint is Midsternal Chest Pain. The monitor shows Sinus Bradycardia with PVC’s, P 40, BP 90/60, RR 22, the 1st drug to admin.
Atropine
A Pediatric Dosage of SQ Epinephrine is 0.01 mg / kg. The patient weighs 67 lbs. The amount of Epinephrine given is
0.3 mg
A Pediatric Ingests Lye by Mouth. The Best Treatment
Give Milk
A side effect of a Diuretic is
Hypokalemia
A side effect of small pupils is NOT an effect of
Valium
A side effect that is Not common of Atropine is
Bradycardia
Acetylcholine / Oxytocin
Secreted by the pituitary gland (pea shaped)
Acute Asthma
0.3 - 0.5 mg 1:1000 epi SQ
Adenosine
PSVT associated with WPW syndrome refractory to vagal maneuvers
Adenosine
Slows conduction through the AV node
Adenosine for SVT patient
6 mg, 12 mg, 12 mg, Rapid IV Push
Administration of drugs through a
Mini drip set
Administration of IV Hypertonic Solution on a Hydrated patient will
Draw Water from Cells to Vascular Space
After administering Naloxone, Paramedic should see
Combativeness
After O2, Monitor, and IV, in Acute Pulmonary Edema, what is Next most Appropriate
NTG 0.4 mg (1/150 gm) SL
After O2, what is the #1 for Chest Pain Relief
(MS) Morphine
Albuterol for asthma patient
2.5 mg / 3 ml NS
All are Bronchodilators, Except
Benadryl
All of the following are Acceptable Indications for the Administration of IV Nitro, Except
Ventricular Dysrhythmias (other choices: Pain relief in unstable angina, PE, MI)
All of the following are True Regarding Lidocaine, Except
It decreases Cardiac Function
Aminophylline dose
5 - 6 mg / kg
Amount of ringers if you lost 300 ml of blood
1200 cc (3 x amount lost)
An 80 kg. Patient who needs Lidocaine (scenario calls for Lido as treatment of choice Not Cardioversion due to description they give of the patient)
100 mg. Lido Bolus (best answer)
An Adult Dose of Activated Charcoal is
1 gm / kg
An individual with Unknown Drug is in Respiratory Distress, Hypotensive & in a Stupor. He also has Pinpoint Pupils. The Paramedic might Suspect
Morphine Overdose
Anti-depressants
Elavil (amitriptyline), Tofranil (imipramine)
Anti-psychotic
Haldol, Mellaril
ASA Overdose
Patient will Hyperventilate
Atropine
Blurred vision
Atropine works by
Blocking the Effects of the Vagus Nerve
Atropine does what
Blocks Vagus Nerve (parasympathetic)
Atropine pushed too slow at a too low a dose will cause
Paradoxical Bradycardia
Atropine under .5 mg
Paradoxical Bradycardia
Best Drug to Give in Cardiogenic Shock
Dopamine
Best place for IV cannulation, to avoid joints
Forearm
Beta Agonist
Tachycardia
Beta stimulation will cause all except
Vasoconstriction
Bicarb for Tricyclic (TCA)
OD with cardiac abnormalitities
Blood you don’t have to worry about cross contaminating
Frozen Plasma
Brady with PVC’s
Atropine
Cardiac arrest patient IV to KVO, Anticipate med. admin, What tubing
Mini drip
Cardiogenic shock, give
Dopamine
Chest pain, after O2, #1 pain relief
Morphine Sulfate
Chronotropic Drugs
Affect the heart rate
Cocaine is in what Drug Class
Type II
Common side effects of Epinephrine SQ or IV are
Palpations and High Blood Pressure
Common treatment of Tricyclic antidepressants overdose is
Sodium Bicarbonate
Complication of an IV
Air Emboli
Complication of Thrombolytic Therapy
Bleeding Out
Complications from IV administration
Phlebitis and Emboli
Contraindication for Lidocaine
Sinus Brady with PVC
Contraindication of SQ route is
Hypovolemic Shock
Contraindication for Verapamil
Pulmonary Edema, Cardiogenic Shock
Contraindications for Verapamil
WPW Syndrome
Contraindications for Verapamil, all except
Asthma
Contraindications of SQ Route
Hypotension
Contraindications of Verapamil
WPW Syndrome
Conversions
60 mg 1 gm …. 1 pint 500 cc
D5W main use
Medication Administration
Death could occur if along with alcohol, a person takes
Morphine and / or Valium
Diazepam for Status Epilipticus
2.5 mg - 10 mg Slow IVP
Diuretic Therapy with Lasix
Hypokalemia
Do Not give a Sub Q Injection to a patient that is in
Shock
Do Not use D5W on patient with
Pitting Edema & Dialysis
Do Not use Lidocaine for
Bradycardia with PVC’s
Dopamine
15 gtts / min
Dopamine
Drug of choice in Cardiogenic shock
Dopamine
IV drip titrated to Pt. BP
Dose 2 mg / min, 2 g drug, 500 ml bag, Mini drip set, How much
30 gtts / min
Dose for Status Epilipticus of valium
2.5 mg - 10 mg IVP slow
Dose of Bretylium
5 mg / kg
Dose of Lidocaine
(#1) 1 – 1.5mg /kg, (#2) 0.5 - 0.75 mg/kg
Dr. orders 25 mg of a drug which comes packaged 10 mg / 2 cc. How much do you give
5.0 cc. Divide by 1/2
Drug Calculation
Ordered to run 20 ml over 30 minute with Microdrip
Drug Calculation - Ordered to run 200 mg - You have a Vial containing 20 ml / 25 mg
-8
Drug of choice for Cardiogenic Shock
Dopamine
Drug that Causes Pinpoint Pupils
Heroin
Drug that is a positive Inotropic
Increases force of cardiac contractions
Drug used for ICP
Mannitol
Drug used for increased ICP
Mannitol (diuretic)
Early Signs of Lidocaine Toxicity are
Tremors and Parasthesia
EKG Strip SVT Treatment
Adenosine 6 mg Rapid
Elavil / Tofranil
Two common Tricyclic antidepressants
EPI
Does Not decrease myocardial oxygen demand
EPI
SQ 1:1,000
EPI does Not do what
Decrease Myocardial O2 Demand
EPI for Anaphylaxis
0.3 mg / 0.5 mg SQ
Epi pediatric dose
1:1,000 - 0.1 mg / kg. Or 1:10,000 -0.01 mg / kg
Epinephrine
Does Not increase Myocardial Oxygen demand
Epinephrine
Vasoconstriction and Bronchodilator
Epinephrine stimulates heart in
Asystole
Epinephrine, Asthmatic
0.3 -0.5 mg SQ (1:1000)
Exclusion Criteria from Thrombolytic Therapy, All Except
Hip Surgery 2 yrs. Ago
External Jugular Vein is NOT a
Central Line
Federal Food Drug Cosmetic Act
Ensure safe manufacture of drugs
Female Overdose on Tricyclic
DO Not Give Ipecac
Furosemide (Lasix)
Vasodilatation
Furosemide (Lasix) can cause
Hypokalemia
Furosemide dose
20 - 80 mg Slow IVP (Also, 40 -80 mg IVP)
Given 25 mg/ml 20 cc Syringe comes 200 mg
ml 20g
Glucagon
Releases glycogen from the liver
Haldol is an Antipsychotic
Non - Antidepressant
How many Grams are in a Kilogram
1000g
Hypovolemic shock pre hospital fluid
2000 - 3000 ml
ICP
Mannitol
If you were to administer a drug what would you use
Mini Drip Set
IM Injection Angle
90 degrees
In a chronic heroin user, the use of Narcan can cause
A withdrawal reaction
In addition to Lasix, all of the following are used to treat Pulmonary Edema, Except
Solu - Medrol
In Adult Anaphylaxis what is the dose of EPI
0.3 - 0.5 mg 1:1,000 SQ
In Hypovolemic patient, Fluid replacement is
3 x the loss
In the field Adenosine is used for
PSVT
Increase drug amounts to achieve a desired effect
Titrated
Indications for Verapamil are all except
Cardiogenic Shock
Indications for Verapamil are all, except
Patient with wide ____ Ventricular Tachycardia
Inotropic Drugs
Increased Heart Rate Contractility
Inotropic Drugs
Strengthen or increase the force of cardiac contraction ex: Epi
Insulin
Protein released by Beta Cell
Isoproterenol
Increases myocardial O2 consumption
Isoproterenol dosing
2 - 10 mcg / min
Isuprel is a
Beta Stimulator
Isuprel is used in
Bradycardia
IV for COPD at KVO rate
5% Dextrose in Sterile Water
IV, Don’t forget Magnesium Sulfate
After Seizures
Know about
Dopamine Dosages and Drip
Know Dopamine
400 mg / 250 or 800 mg / 500
KVO
10 cc / hr
Lactated ringers
Buffer must like plasma
Lactated Ringers
Replacement of Plasma ( Hypovolemia )
Lasix (Furosemide)
Vasodilator, Diuretic, Causes Dehydration, can cause Hypokalemia
Lasix does Not
Increase Pre - load
LEAN
Lidocaine, Epinephrine, Atropine, Narcan
Lidocaine
Toxicity is numbness and tingling
Lidocaine 2 gm / 500 ml run at 2 mg / min
30 Gtts
Lidocaine does for a 17 1/2 lb. Pediatric patient
8 mg
Lidocaine dose for 130 lb. patient
60 - 90 mg, then 2 - 4 mg / min
Lidocaine Doses
1st 1.0 - 1.5 mg / kg, 2nd. 0.5 - 0.75 mg /kg
Lidocaine Drip
4 mg / min
Lidocaine Drip
2 gm in 500 bag D5W at 30 gtts
Lidocaine drip using 60 gtts at 20 drops per minute will deliver what amount in a 30 mins trip to the hospital
10 mL
Lidocaine overdose or toxicity
Seizures, Hypotension, Muscle twitching & tremor
Lidocaine pediatric dose
1 mg / kg
Lidocaine side effect
Hypotension & Bradycardia
Lidocaine side effects
Muscle twitching, Seizures
Lidocaine Toxicity sign
Seizures
Lidocaine, used for all, Except
Bradycardia with PVC’s
Lidocaine Toxicity
Seizures & Tremors
Magnesium Sulfate is used to treat
Calcium Channel Blocker Overdose
Main concern with Thrombolytics
Bleed Out
Main use of D5W
Medication Administration
Maintenance dose of Lidocaine 2 g in 250 mL with 60 gtts/mL admin. Infusion rate
15 gtts/min
Major complication of thrombolytic therapy
Bleeding Out
Mannitol
Given to Decrease ICP
Maximum amount of Crystalloid given to an adult trauma patient
2000 - 3000 ml
Med - 1
463
Medication for Organophosphate Poisoning
Atropine
Mellaril and Thorazine are categories of
Antipsychotic drugs
Mild Asthma
Albuterol 2.5 mg
Morphine is a
Vasodilator
Most common place for IO infusion
Proximal tibia
Most desirable fluid replacement for hemorrhagic shock
Lactate Ringers
Most severe complication of IV
Air Embolism
Muscle for IM
Deltoid
Narcan
Reverses respiratory depression of Darvon
Narcan give to OD patient, how do they present
Combative, Anxious
Narcan is effective in reversing the effects of
Narcotics and opiate based derivatives
Narcan is medication for
Opiates
Narcan is used to reverse the respiratory depression of
Darvon
Narcan used for all overdose listed, Except
Valium
Narcan will reverse
Darvon & OD
Nor epinephrine causes
Vasoconstriction
Nor epinephrine is
Alpha Sympathetic
Nor epinephrine is classified as an
Alpha & Beta Stimulator
One of the adverse reactions of Isuprel is NOT
Bradycardia
One pint of blood
500 cc’s
Other names for Verapamil
Isoptin & Calan
Overdose of Tricyclic causes all, Except
Inverted P - Wave
Parasympathetic blocker
Atropine
Parental routes of drug administration
SQ, IM, IV, IO, ET
Patient has taken 10 mg of valium, but normally needs 20 - 30 mg. What is this called
Tolerance
Patient is taking Digoxin is in V -Tach with a pulse, Why does your treatment Not work
Because they are on Digoxin
Patient is using diuretics, you can suspect
Hypokalemia
Patient shows signs of PE, 2 IV’s have been started, next you
Administer .4 mg Nitro
Patient with persistent Hypotension
“Dopamine” is in list at “2 mcg / kg / min” “Dobutamine 2 - 20 mcg / kg / min” (?)
Person in SVT (shown strip) with WPW you give
Adenosine 6 mg (due to SVT)
Positive Inotropic Drug
Increases Heart Contractility
Preferred IM site in the field
Gluteus (Buttocks) (chose Deltoid first if given)
Preferred site for IM in the field
Deltoid
Pregnant with Seizures
5 - 10 mg Diazepam (Valium)
Primary buffer system is
Bicarbonate
Procainamide is used for the following conditions
Ventricular Dysrhythmias
Pulmonary Edema, 1st Drug
0,4 mg NTG
Route: Slowest to Fastest
PO, SQ, ET, IV
Routes for administration of Valium
Rectally, IV. IM
