3/8/20(princeton,tc,set-1)

Question 1

temperament

Answer 1

1. VARIABLE NOUN
   Your temperament is your basic nature, especially as it is shown in the way that you react to situations or to other people.
   His impulsive temperament regularly got him into difficulties.
   She was furtive and vicious by temperament.
   Synonyms: nature, character, personality, quality More Synonyms of temperament
2. UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
   Temperament is the tendency to behave in an uncontrolled, bad-tempered, or unreasonable way.
   Mark does have a habit of allowing his temperament to get the better of him.
   Some of the models were given to fits of temperament.
   Synonyms: moods, anger, volatility, impatience

Question 2

rationalization

Answer 2

1. VERB
   If you try to rationalize attitudes or actions that are difficult to accept, you think of reasons to justify or explain them.যুক্তিসহভাবে ব্যাখ্যা করা
   He rationalized his activity by convincing himself that he was promoting peace. [VERB noun]
   I poured my thoughts out on paper in an attempt to rationalize my feelings. [VERB noun]
   Synonyms: reason out, resolve, think through, elucidate More Synonyms of rationalize
   rationalization (ræʃənəlaɪzeɪʃən )
   Word forms: plural rationalizations
   VARIABLE NOUN
   …this rationalization of his bedside grief.
2. VERB [usually passive]
   When a company, system, or industry is rationalized, it is made more efficient, usually by getting rid of staff and equipment that are not essential.
   [mainly British, business]
   The network of 366 local offices is being rationalised to leave the company with 150 larger branch offices. [be VERB-ed]
   rationalization UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
   …the rationalization of the textile industry.

Question 3

strive

Answer 3

If you strive to do something or strive for something, you make a great effort to do it or get it.
He strives hard to keep himself very fit. [VERB to-infinitive]
She strove to read the name on the stone pillar. [VERB to-infinitive]
The region must now strive for economic development as well as peace. [VERB + for]
[Also VERB]
Synonyms: try, labour, struggle, fight

Question 4

quasars

Answer 4

COUNTABLE NOUN

A quasar is an object far away in space that produces bright light and radio waves.

Question 5

viscous

Answer 5

ADJECTIVE
A viscous liquid is thick and sticky.
…dark, viscous blood.
Synonyms: thick, sticky, gooey [informal], adhesive

Question 6

proscribe

Answer 6

VERB [usually passive]
If something is proscribed by people in authority, the existence or the use of that thing is forbidden.
[formal]
In some cultures surgery is proscribed. [be VERB-ed]
They are proscribed by federal law from owning guns. [be VERB-ed + from]
Synonyms: prohibit, ban, forbid, boycott

Question 7

tout

Answer 7

1. VERB
   If someone touts something, they try to sell it or convince people that it is good.
   [disapproval]
   It has the trappings of an election campaign in the United States, with slick television ads touting the candidates. [VERB noun]
   …a popular advertising industry practice of using performers to tout products. [VERB noun]
   He was being touted as the most interesting thing in pop. [beV-ed as n/adj/-ing]
   The product is touted as being completely natural. [beV-ed as n/adj/-ing]
   …a couple of highly touted novels. [VERB-ed]
   Synonyms: praise, tip, promote, urge More Synonyms of tout
2. VERB
   If someone touts for business or custom, they try to obtain it.
   [mainly British]
   He visited Thailand and Singapore to tout for investment. [VERB + for]
   Minicabs are not allowed to tout for hire on the streets. [VERB for noun]
   Synonyms: solicit, canvass, drum up, bark [US, informal] More Synonyms of tout
3. VERB
   If someone touts tickets, they sell them outside a sports ground or theatre, usually for more than their original value.
   [British]
   …a man who made his money touting tickets. [VERB noun]
   The queue stretches several hundred yards and tickets are touted for a tenner. [VERB noun]
   REGIONAL NOTE:
   in AM, use scalp
4. COUNTABLE NOUN
   A tout is someone who sells things such as tickets unofficially, usually at prices which are higher than the official ones.

Question 8

pejorative

Answer 8

ADJECTIVE
A pejorative word or expression is one that expresses criticism of someone or something.
[formal]
I agree I am ambitious, and I don’t see that as a pejorative term.
Isn’t there a suggestion that ‘poetess’ is slightly pejorative?
Synonyms: derogatory, negative, slighting, unpleasant

Question 9

surrealist

Answer 9

. ADJECTIVE
Surrealist means related to or in the style of surrealism.
Dali’s shoe hat was undoubtedly the most surrealist idea he ever worked on with Schiaparelli.
2. COUNTABLE NOUN
A surrealist is an artist or writer whose work is based on the ideas of surrealism.

Question 10

sanction

Answer 10

1. VERB
   If someone in authority sanctions an action or practice, they officially approve of it and allow it to be done.
   He may now be ready to sanction the use of force. [VERB noun]
   He seemed to be preparing to sanction an increase in public borrowing. [VERB noun]
   Synonyms: permit, back, support, allow More Synonyms of sanction
   Sanction is also a noun.
   The king could not enact laws without the sanction of Parliament. [+ of]
2. PLURAL NOUN
   Sanctions are measures taken by countries to restrict trade and official contact with a country that has broken international law.
   The continued abuse of human rights has now led the United States to impose sanctions against the regime. [+ against/on]
   He expressed his opposition to the lifting of sanctions.
   Synonyms: ban, restriction, boycott, embargo More Synonyms of sanction
3. COUNTABLE NOUN
   A sanction is a severe course of action which is intended to make people obey instructions, customs, or laws.
   As an ultimate sanction, they can sell their shares.
4. VERB
   If a country or an authority sanctions another country or a person for doing something, it declares that the country or person is guilty of doing it and imposes sanctions on them.
   …their failure to sanction the country for butchering whales in violation of international conservation treaties. [VERB noun]
   Synonyms: punish, discipline, penalize, chastise

Question 11

relegate

Answer 11

1. VERB
   If you relegate someone or something to a less important position, you give them this position.
   Military heroes were relegated to the status of ordinary citizens. [VERB noun + to]
   Other newspapers relegated the item to the middle pages. [VERB noun to noun]
   Synonyms: demote, degrade, downgrade, declass More Synonyms of relegate
2. VERB [usually passive]
   If a sports team that competes in a league is relegated, it has to compete in a lower division in the next competition, because it was one of the least successful teams in the higher division.
   [British]
   If Leigh lose, they’ll be relegated. [be VERB-ed]
   …a team about to be relegated to the second division. [be V-ed to n]
   Synonyms: banish, exile, expel, throw out

Question 12

overwrought

Answer 12

ADJECTIVE
Someone who is overwrought is very upset and is behaving in an uncontrolled way.
One overwrought member had to be restrained by friends.

Question 13

euphoric

Answer 13

ADJECTIVE
If you are euphoric, you feel intense happiness and excitement.
It had received euphoric support from the public.
Synonyms: elated, excited, ecstatic, jubilant

Question 14

fruition

Answer 14

UNCOUNTABLE NOUN [usu to N]
If something comes to fruition, it starts to succeed and produce the results that were intended or hoped for.
[formal]
These plans take time to come to fruition.
His hopes for a new political party have little chance of reaching fruition.
Synonyms: fulfilment, maturity, completion, perfection

Question 15

hail

Answer 15

1. VERB [usually passive]
   If a person, event, or achievement is hailed as important or successful, they are praised publicly.
   He has been hailed as the best centreback in the land. [be VERB-ed + as]
   U.S. magazines hailed her as the greatest rock’n’roll singer in the world. [VERB noun + as]
   The deal was hailed by the Defence Secretary. [be VERB-ed]
   [Also be V-ed n]
2. UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
   Hail consists of small balls of ice that fall like rain from the sky.
   …a sharp short-lived storm with heavy hail.
   Synonyms: hailstones, sleet, hailstorm, frozen rain More Synonyms of hail
3. VERB
   When it hails, hail falls like rain from the sky.
   It started to hail, huge great stones. [VERB]
   Synonyms: rain, shower, pelt More Synonyms of hail
4. SINGULAR NOUN
   A hail of things, usually small objects, is a large number of them that hit you at the same time and with great force.
   The victim was hit by a hail of bullets. [+ of]
   The riot police were met with a hail of stones and petrol bombs.
   Synonyms: shower, rain, storm, battery More Synonyms of hail
5. VERB
   Someone who hails from a particular place was born there or lives there.
   [formal]
   I hail from Brighton. [VERB + from]
   The band hail from Glasgow. [VERB from noun]
6. VERB
   If someone or something hails from a particular background, they come from it.
   [formal]
   He hails from an affluent background. [VERB from noun]
   This is a film which seems to hail from the hippie era. [VERB from noun]
7. VERB
   If you hail someone, you call to them.
   [literary]
   Jill saw him and hailed him. [VERB noun]
   Suddenly, a voice hailed us and there was Miss Quigley. [VERB noun]
   Synonyms: salute, call, greet, address More Synonyms of hail
8. VERB
   If you hail a taxi, you wave at it in order to stop it because you want the driver to take you somewhere.
   I hurried away to hail a taxi. [VERB noun]
   Synonyms: flag down, summon, signal to, wave down More Synonyms of hail
9. CONVENTION
   Hail is used as a word of greeting.
   [old-fashioned]
   Hail to the new champion.

Question 16

pecuniary

Answer 16

ADJECTIVE [usually ADJECTIVE noun]
Pecuniary means concerning or involving money.
[formal]
She denies obtaining a pecuniary advantage by deception.
Synonyms: monetary, economic, financial, capital

Question 17

sinecure

Answer 17

COUNTABLE NOUN
A sinecure is a job for which you receive payment but which does not involve much work or responsibility.
She found him an exalted sinecure as a Fellow of the Library of Congress.
…a lucrative sinecure with a big law firm.
Synonyms: cushy number [informal], honesty, gravy train [slang], soft option

Question 18

mendicant

Answer 18

ADJECTIVE
1. begging; practicing begging; living on alms
2. pertaining to or characteristic of a beggar
NOUN
3. a person who lives by begging; beggar
4. a member of any of several orders of friars that originally forbade ownership of property, subsisting mostly on alms
It was something that a mendicant fakir might wear, a wandering beggar who told fortunes in the marketplace for a couple of crowns.

Question 19

panacea

Answer 19

COUNTABLE NOUN
If you say that something is not a panacea for a particular set of problems, you mean that it will not solve all those problems.
The proposal is not a panacea for Britain’s economic problems. [+ for]
Western aid may help but will not be a panacea.
Synonyms: cure-all, elixir, nostrum, heal-all

Question 20

facetious

Answer 20

ADJECTIVE
If you say that someone is being facetious, you are criticizing them because they are making humorous remarks or saying things that they do not mean in a situation where they ought to be serious.
[disapproval]
The woman eyed him coldly. ‘Don’t be facetious,’ she said.
Synonyms: flippant, funny, amusing, witty

Question 21

mince

Answer 21

1. UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
   Mince is meat which has been cut into very small pieces using a machine.
   [mainly British]
   Brown the mince in a frying pan.
   REGIONAL NOTE:
   in AM, use ground beef, hamburger meat
2. VERB
   If you mince food such as meat, you put it into a machine which cuts it into very small pieces.
   [mainly British]
   Perhaps I’ll buy lean meat and mince it myself. [VERB noun]
   …minced beef. [VERB-ed]
   REGIONAL NOTE:
   in AM, usually use grind
   Synonyms: cut, grind, crumble, dice More Synonyms of mince
3. VERB
   if you say that someone, especially a man, minces somewhere, you mean that they walk there with quick small steps that seem more typical of a woman.
   They minced in, in beach costumes and make-up.

Question 22

waffle

Answer 22

1. VERB
   বকবক করা
   If you say that someone waffles, you are critical of them because they talk or write a lot without actually making any clear or important points.
   [British, informal, disapproval]
   My teacher often tells me I waffle. [VERB]
   There was some bloke on the phone waffling about an airline ticket. [VERB + about]
   Waffle on means the same as waffle.
   Whenever I open my mouth I don’t half waffle on. [VERB PARTICLE]
   That’s all I had to say on the subject–we don’t want to waffle on about it all day. [V P about n]
   Waffle is also a noun.
   He writes smug, sanctimonious waffle.
2. VERB
   If someone waffles on an issue or question, they cannot decide what to do or what their opinion is about it.
   [US]
   He’s waffled on abortion and gay rights. [VERB + on]
   He kept waffling and finding excuses not to close the deal. [VERB]
   [Also V + about/over]
   Synonyms: waver, hesitate, falter, fluctuate More Synonyms of waffle
   waffling UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
   Still, the administration, after some waffling, has now said that it will not stand in the way of Congress.
3. COUNTABLE NOUN
   A waffle is a kind of square cake made of batter with squares marked on it. Waffles are usually eaten with syrup poured over them.

Question 23

prolix

Answer 23

ADJECTIVE

1. (of a speech, book, etc) so long as to be boring; verbose
2. indulging in prolix speech or writing; long-winded

Question 24

timorous

Answer 24

. ADJECTIVE
If you describe someone as timorous, you mean that they are frightened and nervous of other people and situations.
[literary]
He is a reclusive, timorous creature.
Synonyms: timid, nervous, shy, retiring More Synonyms of timorous
2. ADJECTIVE
If you describe someone’s actions or decisions as timorous, you are criticizing them for being too cautious or weak, because the person is not very confident and is worried about the possible consequences of their actions.
[disapproval]
Some delegates believe the final declaration is likely to be too timorous.

Question 25

precarious

Answer 25

1. ADJECTIVE
   If your situation is precarious, you are not in complete control of events and might fail in what you are doing at any moment.
   Our financial situation had become precarious.
   …the Government’s precarious position.
   Synonyms: insecure, dangerous, uncertain, tricky More Synonyms of precarious
   precariously ADVERB [ADVERB with verb, ADVERB adjective/adverb]
   The hunter-gatherer lifestyle today survives precariously in remote regions.
   precariousness UNCOUNTABLE NOUN
   Wells was well aware of the precariousness of human life. [+ of]
2. ADJECTIVE
   Something that is precarious is not securely held in place and seems likely to fall or collapse at any moment.
   They looked rather comical as they crawled up precarious ladders.

Question 26

staunch

Answer 26

1. ADJECTIVE [usually ADJECTIVE noun]
   A staunch supporter or believer is very loyal to a person, organization, or set of beliefs, and supports them strongly.
   He’s a staunch supporter of controls on government spending.
   Synonyms: loyal, faithful, stalwart, sure More Synonyms of staunch
   staunchly ADVERB
   He was staunchly opposed to a public confession.
2. VERB
   To staunch the flow of something means to stop it.
   [formal]
   The government claims this is the only way to staunch the flow of illegal drugs into the country. [VERB noun]
   Efforts to staunch the spill of crude oil from a tanker off the north coast of Scotland are being held up by gale force winds. [VERB noun]
   Synonyms: stop, stay, check, arrest More Synonyms of staunch
3. VERB
   To staunch a wound, or to staunch the blood from a wound, means to stop the wound from bleeding.
   [formal]
   Tom tried to staunch the blood with his handkerchief

Question 27

invigorate

Answer 27

বলাধান করা
fortify, invigorate
সজীব করা
invigorate, vitalize, animate
বলবর্ধন করা
invigorate, tone up

Question 28

underscores

Answer 28

1. VERB
   If something such as an action or an event underscores another, it draws attention to the other thing and emphasizes its importance.
   [mainly US]
   The Labor Department figures underscore the shaky state of the economic recovery. [VERB noun]
   The rash of accidental shootings underscores how difficult it will be to restore order here. [VERB wh]
   [Also VERB that]
   REGIONAL NOTE:
   in BRIT, usually use underline
2. VERB
   If you underscore something such as a word or a sentence, you draw a line underneath it in order to make people notice it or give it extra importance.
   [mainly US]
   He heavily underscored his note to Shelley. [VERB noun]
   REGIONAL NOTE:
   in BRIT, usually use underline

Question 29

remote

adjective

Answer 29

far away in distance:
Australia is large, and remote from the great centres of population of the world.
remote galaxies

B2
A remote area, house, or village is a long way from any towns or cities:
They live in a remote corner of Scotland, miles from the nearest shop.
a remote mountain village

Question 30

acute

adjective

Answer 30

If a bad situation is acute, it causes severe problems or damage:
She felt acute embarrassment/anxiety/concern at his behaviour.
The problem of poverty is particularly acute in rural areas.

An acute pain or illness is one that quickly becomes very severe:
acute abdominal pains
an acute attack of appendicitis

used to describe intelligence, senses, etc. that are very good, accurate, and able to notice very small differences:
acute eyesight/hearing
an acute sense of smell
a woman of acute intelligence/judgment

Question 31

conform

verb [ I ]

Answer 31

to behave according to the usual standards of behaviour that are expected by a group or society:
At our school, you were required to conform, and there was no place for originality.

Question 32

congruity

noun [ U ] formal

Answer 32

the quality of being the same as, or in agreement with, other facts or principles:
We will assess the degree of congruity between the aims and methods of different agencies.

Question 33

obfuscate

verb [ T ] formal

Answer 33

to make something less clear and harder to understand, especially intentionally:
She was criticized for using arguments that obfuscated the main issue.

Question 34

enchant

verb [ T ]

Answer 34

to attract or please someone very much:

The audience was clearly enchanted by her performance.

Question 35

disenchant

Answer 35

to make disappointed

she is disenchanted with the marriage

Question 36

abrogate

Answer 36

VERB
If someone in a position of authority abrogates something such as a law, agreement, or practice, they put an end to it.
[formal]
The next prime minister could abrogate the treaty. [VERB noun]
Synonyms: revoke, end, recall, withdraw

Question 37

annul

verb [ T ] LAW specialized

Answer 37

to officially announce that something such as a law, agreement, or marriage no longer exists:
His second marriage was annulled because he never divorced his first wife.

Question 38

apotheosis

Answer 38

1. SINGULAR NOUN
   If something is the apotheosis of something else, it is an ideal or typical example of it.
   [formal]
   The Oriental in Bangkok is the apotheosis of the grand hotel. [+ of]
2. SINGULAR NOUN [with poss]
   If you describe an event or a time as someone’s apotheosis, you mean that it was the high point in their career or their life.
   [formal]
   That night was Richard’s apotheosis.

Question 39

benefactor

noun [ C ]

Answer 39

someone who gives money to help an organization, society, or person

Question 40

beneficiary

noun [ C ]

Answer 40

a person or group who receives money or other benefits as a result of something else:
Among major beneficiaries of the new tax law will be giant telecommunications companies.

Question 41

rail

Answer 41

5. VERB
   If you rail against something, you criticize it loudly and angrily.
   [written]
   He railed against hypocrisy and greed. [V + against/at]
   I’d cursed him and railed at him. [Vagainst/at n]
   Synonyms: complain, attack, abuse, blast

Question 42

cater

Answer 42

1. VERB
   In British English, to cater for a group of people means to provide all the things that they need or want. In American English, you say you cater to a person or group of people.
   Minorca is the sort of place that caters for families. [VERB + for]
   We cater to an exclusive clientele. [VERB + to]

Question 43

cantankerous

adjective

Answer 43

arguing and complaining a lot:

He’s getting a bit cantankerous in his old age.

Question 44

despondency

Answer 44

Despondency is a strong feeling of unhappiness caused by difficulties which you feel you cannot overcome.
There’s a mood of gloom and despondency in the country.
Synonyms: dejection, depression, despair, misery

Question 45

elation

noun [ U ]

Answer 45

a state of extreme happiness or excitement:

There’s a sense of elation at having completed a race of such length.

Question 46

wholesome

Answer 46

1. ADJECTIVE
   If you describe something as wholesome, you approve of it because you think it is likely to have a positive influence on people’s behaviour or mental state, especially because it does not involve anything sexually immoral.
   [approval]
   …good, wholesome fun.
   …a very decent and wholesome bunch of lads.
2. ADJECTIVE
   If you describe food as wholesome, you approve of it because you think it is good for your health.
   [approval]
   …fresh, wholesome ingredients.
   The food is filling and wholesome.
   Synonyms: healthy, good, strengthening, beneficial

Question 47

expend

verb [ T ] formal

Answer 47

to use or spend time, effort, or money:
You expend so much effort for so little return.
Governments expend a lot of resources on war.

Question 48

albatross

noun

Answer 48

a large white bird with long, strong wings that lives near the sea, found especially in the areas of the Pacific and South Atlantic oceans

something or someone you want to be free from because that thing or person is causing you problems:
Her own supporters see her as an albatross who could lose them the election.