3/7 Lecture - Sex, Gender, Sexuality

Question 1

What is the Definition of Sex?

Answer 1

Gamete Size

Question 2

Group Living = Triple D’s

Answer 2

1) Detection, more eyes and ears.
2) Deterrence, mob the predator.
3) Dilution, lower probability that you’re going to be the one eaten.

Question 3

As group size increases

Answer 3

Resource competition Increases

Question 4

Last benefit to group living

Answer 4

Defense of resourses

Question 5

Reproduction is limited by resources

Answer 5

Female Relative Success (RS) most limited by food

Male RS most limited by females

Question 6

Social System:

Answer 6

Composition of the social group

Question 7

Mating System:

Answer 7

The # of sexual partners individuals have

Question 8

Social Systems * (SPSMM)

Answer 8

1) Solitary
2) Pair (Family)
3) Single male
4) Multi male Single Female
5) Multi male multi female

Question 9

Mating Systems *

Answer 9

1) Monogamy (FM)
2) Polygyny (MFFF)
3) Polyandry (FMMM)
4) Polygynandry (MFMFMF)

Question 10

Sexual Selection: Form of NS - select for sex

Answer 10

When individuals differ in their ability to complete with others for mates

Question 11

3 Types of Sexual Selection *

Answer 11

1) IntRAsexual selection
2) Mate Choice
3) Sexual Conflict

Question 12

intRAsexual selection:

Answer 12

Competition for mates within a sex

Traits to improve:

                          - Fighting ability
                          - endurance
                          - sperm

Often leads to Sexual Dimorphism

Question 13

Mate Choice:

Answer 13

Competition to be chosen by the opposite sex as a mate

Traits

       - ornamentation 
       - courtship
       - services
       - friendship

Question 14

Sexual Conflict:

Answer 14

Competition by each sex for control over mating and reproduction

Traits

       - evolution of vaginal tract
       - estrus synchronous 
       - sexual coercion

Question 15

Infanticide and sexual selection

Answer 15

By killing an infant, a male will gain reproductive advantage
provided that:

       1) he is not related to the infant he killed
       2) unwanted death of infant shortens interval between births in females
       3) killer increases chance of mating with mother and cares for next kid

Question 16

Anisogamy:

Answer 16

The union of 2 gametes

Question 17

The 3 G’s*

Answer 17

1) Gametes
2) Genitals
3) Gonads

Question 18

Autosomes:

Answer 18

First 22 pairs of chromosomes

Question 19

Sex Steroids*

Answer 19

• androgens

- estrogen

Question 20

Secondary sexual characteristics*

Answer 20

• hair
  - lower voice
  - breasts

Question 21

CoVariation of Traits

Answer 21

*if you know one trait , you can predict the other - if two covary

The three G’s usually covary