3-50.1 Flashcards
What is 3-50.1?
Navy Search and Rescue Manual
What is IAMSAR
International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue Manual
Deviation from 3-50
It is not a substitute for sound judgement. A dynamic SAR environment may require on-site deviation or modifications from the procedures prescribed herein to successfully complete the SAR mission.
The existing risk of deviation must continually be weighed against the benefit of deviating from this manual
Naval SAR Operations
A vessel in distress
As a unit responding independently to persons or property in distress
As part of an organized SAR force
As a unit of a naval task force, unit, or element under the direction of the OTC
Search and Rescue Coordination
SAR Coordinator - established by geological location (District 14)
SAR Mission Coordinator - Designated by SAR coordinator
On-Scene Commander - First unit on scene with best capability
Search Brief
size, color, number of survivors, survival equipment, and weather conditions
Assessing the Rescue situation
Survivors
- # of survivors
- Location of survivors
- Visible / known injuries
- cooperative/uncooperative
- Flotation devices
- rescue order
Environment
- Parachute entanglement
- day/night sea state/winds
- fuel in the water
- debris littering the scene
- sea preadtors
- feasibility
Assets
- RS deployment
- other assets
Multiple Rescue Decision
RS remains in the water aiding in recovery of multiple survivors
Recover or short-haul if:
A sea state >2
Night/IMC
More than 25 yards between survivors
Hover Position
Hover into the wind with survivor at approximately 3 o’clock.
Distance from parachute
It shall be approached no closer than one rotor diameter width outside the rotor wash
Rescue swimmer deployment considerations
Sea state, debris, sea predators, or fire on the water
During all rescues, the RS should stay up ICS as long as safely possible
Rescue hook?
The large hook is the only portion to be used for hoisting personnel.
RS deployment to a small boat
Directly to the deck
Deploy into the water and climb aboard
SHALL be attired for water entry
Direct Deployment
Use in extreme situation
Surf Zone, heavy seas, high winds, swift water, ice…
DD shall only be used when the crew has determined its the safest recovery method
Direct Deployment Warnings
RS wearing a TriSar and Quick Strop
DD should not be used on aviators who have ejected
DD shall not be used entangled in a parachute
Rescue Strop
Primarily used on nonaviator / civilian survivors
DRH weights
Large - 3000lbs
Equipment Ring - 1500lbs
Small - 1000 lbs
What needs to be attached to Rescue Hook prior to lowering?
CC SHALL ensure a rescue device (normally the rescue Strop) with inherent flotation ability is attached to the rescue Hook prior to lowering
During Night/IMC, what SHALL be utilized with the Rescue Hook
RH SHALL be illuminated
- Chem Light strap to attach chem light to equipment ring
When is a rescue strop used? Why?
- Primarily on nonaviator/civilian survivors
- allows for the RS and survivor to be hoisted at the same time
Can you lower the Rescue Strop without a RS?
NOT RECOMMENDED.
- “Self-application is near impossible”
- Immediate survivor recovery deemed necessary
When is a collapsible rescue basket (McCauley Basket) used?
- Mil/Civilian Survivors w/ inujuries that do not require a Litter
- Frail/Elderly Survivors
- Small Framed survivors (can’t use Rescue Strop)
Does a McCauley Basket require a RS?
NO
- Designed for use in Helos that DO NOT employ RS as part of crew
- Used easily without RS assistance
how many people can McCauley Basket lift?
1 at a time
During Night/IMC, what SHALL be utilized with the McCauley Basket
No specific points to illuminate on rescue basket
- SHALL utilize chem light to Rescue Hoist equipment ring
Rescue Seat - Primary use
Use in Maritime or Overland environment
- Self-Recovery of Aviators WITHOUT RS assistance
How can a rescue seat be used in Maritime environment?
Can only be utilized if it has a FLOTATION COLLAR
Can a rescue seat be deployed to civilians?
YES
- Should not be deployed without aid of RS
What two types of litters are there?
Rescue Litter (Stokes)
SAR MEDEVAC Litter
What type of litter do we use?
SAR Medical Evacuation (MEDEVAC) Litter
Primary reasons a SAR MEDEVAC Litter is used
- Ejected Aviator
- Head/Neck/Spinal Injry
- Unconscious
When should a SAR MEDEVAC Litter NOT be used?
Should not be used if injury is life-threatening
- Not Breathing
- Severe Bleeding
What is mandatory to use with MEDEVAC LITTER?
Trail Line is mandatory
When can the RS grab the litter
SHALL ensure RS does not come in physical contact until Litter TOUCHES THE WATER
- Trail Line will not ground the litter
During Night/IMC, what SHALL be utilized with the SAR MEDEVAC Litter
Chem light attached to head/foot end of rescue litter
What direction do survivors enter the cabin? Why?
Feet first. but may enter head first if situation warrants
- Best way to tend to a survivor
Can a litter be used with extended pylon?
YES
- SHOULD not be hoisted with extended pylon
- USED AS A LAST RESORT
What do you do with survivors floatation device once in aircraft?
Should be deflated or replaced
Who are the life rafts intended for?
helicopter crew/Pax
what is recommended altitude/airspeed for deploying a life rafts?
uninflated or deflated
10/10 or 15/0
What should you do if the rescue hoist fails during a rescue?
CC SHALL notify HAC/perform NATOPs
- PAC SHOULD lower helo until personnel in the water/can safely unhook
- If too hazardous- lower until personnel at reasonable altitude if breaks
What altitude is recommended for a jammed hoist?
- No higher than 30ft AGL
- No faster than safe single engine airspeed
Describe SAR Conditions
Condition 1- Aircraft SHALL be spotted for immediate launch. headed into Relative Wind/rotors spread/told to launch start ENGs
Condition 2- Same as 1. crew SHALL stand by in ready rooms
Condition 3- aircraft must be parked to allow direct access to launch spot. aircraft can be expeditiously moved to launch. flight crews SHOULD be briefed/standing by
Condition 4- minor maintenance can be performed on aircraft if not causing delay
What are the 5 overland rescue methods?
- Landing to effect a rescue
- Rescue via one skid/wheel
- rescue via hoist
- Rappelling, short haul
- Direct Deployment
What is the preferred overland method/why?
- Landing to effect a rescue
- More expeditious
- reduces pilot/crew fatigue
- safest method of recovery
Warming about enter/exit in landing to effect a rescue
SHALL avoid enter/exit in direction of rising terrain in close prox to rotor/tail
What gear should be carried if survivors are not in sight of aircraft?
- Hand Held Radio
- Level A/B/C SAR med kit
- Rescue/MEDEVAC litter
What is minimum SAR rescue Swimmer equipment?
- Rescue Harness
- Strobe Light SDU-39
- 1 J knife
- 1 Swimmers knife
- 4 chem lights (2 high intensity/2 gen purpose)
- 2 Mk-124 Mod 0 flares
- Whistle
- HABD/SEA holster - Flotation Device
- Wet Suit Ensemble
- 1 piece Shorty Wetsuit
- Gloves/Booties - Dry Suit Ensemble
- Ventilated Swim Fins
- Wraparound Swimmers Mask
- UDT shorts
- PRC-149 Swimmers Radio Control Unit
- Swimmer tending line when deploying by J Bar
- Petzl “Ecrin Roc” Helmet
What temps are dry suits required?
- below 60deg F - Required
- 60-70 CO discretion
- above 70 - not required
What is in the SAR curtain?
Chem Lights / Crew Safety Belts
Cable Grip / Chem Straps / Hoist Gloves
Rescue Litter Sling / Quick Splice / Pneumatic Hand Tool
min equip Sar
Rescue Hook
1 Rescue Strop
1 Quick Strop
1 Hoist Quick Splice Plate
1 cable Grip w crew safety belt
1 rescue hand tool
Min 3 crew safety belts
6Gen purpose/6 high intensity chem light
3 chem light strap
1 pair heavy duty gloves
3 cranials
2 wool blankets
1 helo rescue equipment bag
1 trail line Assembly
1 rescue Litter Sling assembly
1 lvl A sad MEDKIT
1 rescue Litter/SAR MedEvac litter assembly
1 lvl B med kit
1 SAR medical oxygen system
Additional over water equipment
2 mk 58 smoke flares
4 mk 25 smoke flares
3 electrical marine marker lights
1 electronic datum marking device
3 LPU 32P life preservers
1 MPLR weak link per MPLR carried
When SHALL the rescue swimmer need to enter the water/assist survivors? Factors to consider?
SHALL enter the water and assist the survivor in ALL cases
- EXCEPT when HAC determines the circumstances will endanger the RS “Unnecessarily”
Factors:
- Sea State
- Debris
- Sea Predators
- Fire On Water
MK-25 - Burn time
MK-58 Burn time
10-20min
At least 45 min
Why can’t you launch a MK-25 in hover?
SHALL not be launched while in hover
- Valve plug strike a/c or personnel
What is a Double Lift?
Utilization of both Rescue Strop AND Quick Strop
- Used to prevent Hydrostatic Squeeze
- Prevent “Dropout” of blood flow from extremities back to heart
