3:5 Writing for Small and Large Ensemble Flashcards
purpose of lower interval limits is
Clear voicing
Clear melodic and harmonic structures
lower interval limit for a minor 2nd
E 3
lower interval limit for a major 2nd
Eb 3
lower interval limit for a minor 3rd
C 3
lower interval limit for a major 3rd
Bb 2
lower interval limit for a perfect 4th and tritone
Bb 2
lower interval limit for a perfect 5th
Bb 1
to preserve the lower interval limit when inverting a chord
imagine the root of the chord as the bass note
Mechanical Voicings
4-way close
harmonic structure is written beneath the lead line without skipping any chord tones
Mechanical Voicings
Drop-2
beginning with 4-way close, then drop the second voice one octave
Mechanical Voicings
Drop-3
beginning in 4-way close, drop the 3rd voice one octave
Mechanical Voicings
Drop-2+4
beginning in 4-way close, drop the 2nd and 4th voices down an octave.
Concerted Writing
arranging style in which musical passages are voiced and rhythms are identical
Where to begin when writing a concerted section?
give the lead or melody with chord changes to the trumpet; voice the other parts keeping identical rhythm
mechanical and non-mechanical voicings are both derived from
chord scales
Spread Voicings are built
from the bottom up beginning with the root; often results in open structure
Spread Voicings are especially effective for
sustained pads supporting a melody or solo line
what voice leading should be used with Spread Voicings?
step wise or common tones. No large intervals or disjunct motion.
Voicings in Fourths
the interval between each adjacent note in the stack will be a fourth
Voicing in Fourths is good for what sound?
modern sound - strong resonant, slightly dissonant
Voicing in Seconds or clusters creates what sound
dissonant, dense
upper structure triads are good for what character?
strong sound with great resonance
background writing is used for
to keep arrangements interesting and to provide harmonic and rhythmic support during solos
backgrounds written using guide tones
3 and 7
backgrounds written using chord tones and tensions
similar to guide tones, but uses chord tones and tensions
backgrounds using a motif
motif is used to develop a background line
shout chorus
climatic section; best placed near the end before the recap
soli sections provide ____ and usually feature the
contrast in flow, saxophone section
