3/4 Rome: The Empire Flashcards
Describe how Romans built a wall with concrete:
mold/support structure outside, stone inside, poured concrete to fill in gaps
What secret did Roman concrete have, that was not rediscovered until the 19th century?
Pozzolana/volcanic ash
What is the function of the ballast rings or steps in the Pantheon?
tension rings to keep the dome in compression
What was Augustus Caesar’s main builder?
Agrippa
Name four different buildings the Romans used for public entertainment:
a. Colosseum b. Circus Maximum c. Pompey’s Theater
d. Thermae of Titus
What was Nero’s “Golden House”?
Domus Aurea, built after 2/3 of Rome was destroyed by a fire, used land to build series of buildings
What building did Vespasian build over the lake in Nero’s palace?
the Collosseum
List the four orders of pilasters on the Flavian Amphitheater, starting with the ground elevation:
a. doric b. ionic c. corinthian d. composite
What are the three main spaces in Roman Bath?
a. frigidarium b. tepidarium c. caldarium
Why are there three parts in a Thermae window?
they did not want to split arch in half
How did Vespasian pay for the construction of the Colosseum?
sends son Titus to destroy Jerusalem
Who was Trajan’s architect?
Apollodorus of Damascus
How did Trajan pay for the construction of his Forum?
went to war with Dacia/Romania
The column of Trajan recorded what event?
the conquest of Dacia
The largest clear span constructed up to the advent of iron framing was the ________________.
Pantheon
What emperor constructed the Pantheon?
Hadrian
Hadrian built his villa at ____________________.
Tivoli, Italy
pozzolana cement
cement made from volcanic ash from Pozzouli
concrete
hard construction material made of sand, gravel, pebbles, stone, and mortar
opus recticulatum
Roman brickwork in a diamond pattern
dome: oculus
circular window at top/center of dome
dome: haunch
part of the dome that wants to expand between compression and tension
dome: coffers
sunken panels in ceiling, contribute to length of dome
Commodity, Firmness, and Delight
Vitruvis’ 3 Principles of Design: useful, sturdy, and beautiful
tuscan
unfluted version of Doric
composite orders
combination of ionic and corinthian
triumphal arch
monumental structure in the shape of an arch, Romans document their triumph in some way
thermae: frigidarium
cold, bathroom
thermae: tepidarium
warm room without water
thermae: caldarium
sauna like room with hot bath
thermae window
large arched windows segmented into three, characteristic of public baths in Rome
barrel vault
formed by the extrusion of arch on a horizontal axis, cannot make an opening because it will collapse
groin vault
intersection of two barrel vaults
