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Question 1

Natural Selection - Finches

Answer 1

Geographic Isolation
Beak mutation for different food types
Competitive advantage increasing chance to reproduce
New species formed

Question 2

Vulnerability of Tropical Rainforest - Borneo

Question 3

ICUN Redlist

Question 4

Endangered Species - Tiger

Answer 4

Top Carnivore. The population has declined dramatically due to loss of habitat, and deforestation across Asia. Genetic diversity declined due to fragmentation of habitat. Poaching major aspect for decline. Conservation sites have been set up. Reducing trade in illegal goods, via international laws and enforcement of these laws.

Question 5

Endangered Species - Rafflesia

Answer 5

15-19 Species, parasitic. SE Asia. Single Sex, two plants needed in same area. Need specific conditions. Deforestation, logging, humans. Rafflesia actuaries in Sumatra. Education campaigns. LPMP set up.

Question 6

Recovered Species - Golden Lion Tamarin

Answer 6

Small Monkey. Omnivore. 2% of habitat is left and poaching decreases population. Predation and unstable food sources also add to this. Restored through captive breeding

Question 7

Recovered Species - Australian Saltwater Crocodile

Answer 7

In 1971 the saltwater crocodile was listed as a is protected species under CITES which banned trade. It was hunted for skin, meat and for killing humans. Policy and captive breeding were used to restore populations. They are now used for tourism.
This policy was supported by the Species Survival Commission (SSC) of the IUCN but was also accused of treating crocodiles inhumanely.

Question 8

Extinct Species - Thylacine (Tasmanian Tiger)

Answer 8

The thylacine was a large marsupial present on the mainland of Australia and for the last few hundred years only in Tasmania. The thylacine’s habitat was open forest and grassland but was then limited to dense rainforest due to population decline. Dingos outcompeted them on the mainland. Disease and hunting led to the extinction in 1936, officially 1972 by IUCN.

Question 9

Extinct Species - The Dodo

Answer 9

Big, Flightless Bird. Island of Mauritius. No Predators, naïve. 1505 discovered. Invasive species, hunting, conversion of habitat = extinction by 1681.

Question 10

World conservation Strategy

Question 11

Buffer Zones

Question 12

Kabili-Sepilok Forest Reserve, Borneo

Question 13

CITES

Question 14

Captive Breeding

Answer 14

Ex Situ
Advantages:

Disadvantages:

Question 15

Zoos

Answer 15

Ex Situ
Advantages:

Disadvantages:

Question 16

Botanical Gardens

Answer 16

Ex Situ
Advantages:

Disadvantages:

Question 17

Seed Banks

Answer 17

Ex Situ
Advantages:

Disadvantages:

Question 18

Flagship Species

Answer 18

Advantages:
Easy to gain funds for conservation efforts
Disadvantages:
Priority over others
if they go extinct - message of failure
may be in conflict with local peoples

Question 19

Keystone Species

Answer 19

Advantages:

Disadvantages:

Question 20

Habitat conservation

Answer 20

Advantages:

Disadvantages:

Question 21

Wollemi Pine

Question 22

Yellowstone Wolves

Question 23

Nature Links

Question 24

Bounce Back

Question 25

No Species Loss

Question 26

RAMSA bird flying sites

Question 27

Sea Otters

Question 28

Fisheries Madagascar

Question 29

Tragedy of Commons

Question 30

Galapagos Tortoise

Question 31

Cassowary

Question 32

SLOSS

Answer 32

Single large or several small debate which is better for conservation

Question 33

SL

Answer 33

Bigger area for higher numbers of larger individuals
Minimises edge effect
more habitats for more species

Question 34

SS

Answer 34

greater range of habitats/biomes
spread of reserves increases resilience of species
cheaper potentially

Question 35

Tamar Wallaby

Answer 35

Extinct on mainland SA.
Species found on several islands (inc. Kangaroo island) around Aus.
Pressures: Hunting, predation by foxes and wild cats and dogs, habitat clearing.
Using 1080 bait (targets introduced mammals only) to kill predators, foxes.
Baiting off most of Innes to ensure minimal exposure to foxes and large enough area, at least 1k hectares

Question 36

Cane Toads

Answer 36

Introduced Species - QL 1935 - eat bugs eating sugar cane crops. Spread over N Australia. Killing top predators due to their poison. Removed by;
fishing eggs out of ponds
spray hop-stop (backyard)
catch and kill toads
training predators
50cm high wall to block them (can’t jump) (protect areas)
block access to standing water

Question 37

Black and White Rhinocerouses

Question 38

Orangutang

Question 39

Bhutan Tigers

Question 40

Kākāpō