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Question 1

Explain GRE

Answer 1

Generic Routing Encapsulation is the static routing of the tunnel between the nodes

Question 2

True or False
Type1: Bare Metal
Type2: Hosted
Type 2 is considered superior to type 1 from a performance and scalability standpoint.

Answer 2

False.

Question 3

What transmission technique does PON use?

Answer 3

Wavelength Division Multiplexing

Question 4

Explain SDWAN

Answer 4

Software Defined WAN is implementing cloud architectures which combine network and applications services into a centralised platform of a cloud. This adopts a virtual WAN architecture via MPLS, 5G, LTE and Broadband

Question 5

Explain MPLS

Answer 5

Multipoint Labeling Switching is used by telco networks which uses short label paths to identify shorter virtual links

Question 6

Explain mGRE

Answer 6

Multipoint Generic Routing Encapsulation is a tunnel that dynamically establishes to explicitly configure mapping entries

Question 7

What is the hypervisor role in Virtual Networking?

Answer 7

Hypervisor is a program that allows it to manager multiple virtual networks

Question 8

What are the 3 channels for ADSL

Answer 8

1. Telephone POTS and analog traffic
2. Upload channel
3. Download channel

Question 9

Explain Virtual Routers

Answer 9

Virtual routers are software only. They contain information about the systems connected to it. They have a routing table which can be statically or dynamically configured themselves

Question 10

Name 3 different wireless toplogies

Answer 10

Infrastructure
Ad Hoc
Mesh

Question 11

What are the 2 different types of broadband internet satellite services?

Answer 11

• One Way satellite
• Two Way satellite

Both require a satellite card and dish

Question 12

Explain SAN

Answer 12

Storage Area Network which utilises clustered storage to enhance performance. They offer block-level data storage

Question 13

Explain DSL

Answer 13

Digital Subscriber Line is internet access through the phone lines. DSL uses a different frequency for digital and analog signals meaning you can talk on the phone while uploading data

Question 14

What is PSTN

Answer 14

Public Switched Telephone Networks also known as POTS is the phone system that is all connected. This is known as dial-up

Question 15

What is PON?

Answer 15

Passive Optical Network is an unpowered optical splitters used to split the fiber to reach several locations.

Question 16

Explain Virtual Switch

Answer 16

Vswitch is a software that allows Virtual machines to communicate with each other. Switch allows the VM to use the host OS NIC hardware

Question 17

Name 2 type of Virtual Networks and their differences

Answer 17

Type 1 Bare Metal
Independent OS and boots beforehand
Type 2 Hosted
Dependent on OS and boots after OS and requires to function

Question 18

What is OSI?

Answer 18

Open Source Interconnection

Question 19

Advantages of SDWAN (4)

Answer 19

• Improves operational cost
• Scalability
• Increase performance
• Services on Demand

Question 20

What is MDI-X Port and what cable to connect the modem

Answer 20

Medium-dependent interface crossed and uses a straight through unshielded twisted pair

Question 21

What are the data formats for the Presentation Layer (3)?

Answer 21

• Graphic Files
• Text Files
• Sound/Video

Question 22

Difference between Connectionless and Connection-Oriented Protocols (2)

Answer 22

• Connection oriented requires high overhead and greater bandwidth
• Connectionless is lower in bandwidth

Question 23

What is ICMP most common Function

Answer 23

Ping or Echo

Question 24

What happens when ping or echo function falls

Answer 24

A return message of Destination unreachable or time exceeded

Question 25

What does Encapsulating Security Payload do

Answer 25

ESP provides encryption services

Question 26

What are 4 functions of a Smart Jack

Answer 26

• Loopback
• Signal Amplification
• Surge protection
• Remote alarms

Question 27

List the following OSI layers for the device:
1. Hub
2. Wireless Bridge
3. Switch
4. Router
5. NIC
6. AP

Answer 27

1. Physical
2. Physical
3. Data Link or Network
4. Network
5. Data Link
6. Data Link

Question 28

What does the Session Layer do?

Answer 28

The session layer manages and controls data synchronisation between applications on two devices.

Question 29

What are the sub-layers in the Data Link Layer?

Answer 29

MAC (Addresses in the NIC)
Logical Link Control LLC (Handles error and flow control)

Question 30

Name the layers of TCP/IP

Answer 30

Application, Transport, Internet and Network layer

Question 31

True or False
Does IP perform fragmentation

Answer 31

True