2 Flashcards
What is TCP
Transmission Control Protocol is an established session between 2 devices before communication takes place.
What layer does IPsec operate on
Network Layer
What is the Network Layer?
The network layer is responsible for routing from one network to another. The network does not specify how the data is passed but provides the protocols.
Name 2 methods routers can be configured.
Statically: Manual entires to routing tables
Dynamically: Routing protocols such as Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
What are the protocols responsible for the Network Layer?
The protocols are responsible for route selection and determining the best path in the network.
What is Segmentation in the Transport Layer?
Data blocks must be broken into packets to traverse the lower layers.
Name 2 functions of data flow control in the Transport Layer.
- Buffering: Data is stored temporarily and waits for the receiving device to become available.
- Windowing: Data is sent in group of segments that require one acknowledgement. Window size is defined when a session is established and one ACK every five segments.
What does the Presentation Layer do?
Converts data intended for or received from the application layer into another format.
What does the Application Layer do?
Takes the user’s request and data, passing them to the lower layer. This layer of service includes file and print capabilities.
Characteristics of the physical layer (3)
Hardware: Type of Media used in the network
Topology: Identify what topology the network is using
Dictates the bandwidth speed over the medium
What type of data is encapsulated in each of the layers (3)
Data link: Frame
Network: Packets
Transport: Segment
What is connection-oriented protocol
Connection-oriented protocol is data delivery guaranteed. TCP
What is Connectionless protocols
Connectionless protocols offers best-effort delivery mechanisms.
What is MTU
Maximum Transmission Unit which limits the data packet size in transmission
What does TCP provide (4)
- Reliability
- Flow Control Sequencing
- Error Detection
- Correction
Explain how TCP Works/Handshake
- Sends a SYN message to the Host
- Host will open a connection for request and send back an acknowledgement message called an ACK or SYN-ACK
- Host that originated the request sends back another acknowledgement, saying they have received the ACK message and that the session is ready to transfer
How does TCP handle errors
They have mechanism that is timeout and retransmitting data.
What is UDP
User Datagram Protocol is a transport protocol. UDP offers connectionless protocol.
How many fields does TCP and UDP packet have
TCP has 14 fields
UDP has 4 fields
What is ICMP
Internet Control Message Protocol works with the IP Layer to provide error checking and reporting
What is Source Quench Message
Receiving hosts cannot handle the influx of data and will let the sender know to slow down.
What is IPSec
IP Security responsible for encrypting and authentication during network Transmissions
What are the 2 protocols in IPSec
Authentication Header AH
Encapsulating Security Payload ESP
What does Authentication Header do
AH provides the authentication and integrity of the data packets
