1 Flashcards
What does the Data Link Layer do?
Layer takes data bits and frames and creates packets of the data. Layer adds source and desitnation address. This layer also handles error detection and correction.
What is the Transport Layer and its functions (3)?
The transport layer is to transport data between the network devices.
- Error Checking
- Service Addressing
- Segmentation
Name protocols are in the Session Layer?
NetBIOS
Network File System (NFS)
Server Message Block (SMB)
Advantages of NFV (3)
Network function virtualisation allows for
- Scalability
- Better Cost
- Rapid Deployment
Why do people use Authentication Header (AH) and Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)
This ensures that the transmissions are not viewed, accessed or modified for people who do not have access for them
Name 3 security services IP Sec Provides
- Data Verification
- Protection from data tampering
- Private transactions
What is FTP
File Transfer Protocol is for uploading and downloading files from a remote host server
What Transport protocol does FTP use for their service?
TCP
What layer and port does FTP use?
Application Layer
Port 20 21
What is SSH
Secure Shell which provides encryption as data travels between system
What is SFTP
Secure File Transfer Protocol which is based on SSH offers encryption and robust authentication between the sender and receiver.
What is Telnet and the port number
Telnet enables sessions to be opened on the remote host and let commands be executed on that host.
Port 23
What is SMTP and port number
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol which defines how mail is sent between hosts. SMTP uses TCP as it guarantee error free delivery.
Port 25
What is DNS and port number
Domain Name System which resolves hostnames
Port 53
What is DHCP and port number
Dynamic Host Control Protocol enables a range of IP addresses. This is an address pool where the server allocates addresses to clients. DHCP client ask the server to lease the address
Port 67 68
What is TFTP and port number
Trivial File Transfer Protocol is a variation of FTP. TFTP requires you to request what you want in the exact location. TFTP uses UDP
Port 69
What is HTTP and HTTPS and port number
Hypertext Transfer Protocol defines the actions can be requested by the client and how the server responds. This enables text, graphics and multimedia to be downloaded.
Port 80 and 443 for HTTPS
What is NTP and port number
Network time Protocol is part of TCP/IP which facilitate time communication between systems. NTP operates on UDP
Port 123
What is POP3 and IMAP4 and port number
Post Office Protocol Version 3 and Internet Message Access Protocol Version 4 are use to download pull email from the server.
POP3 110 and IMAP4 143
What is the issue with POP3
When accessing the mailbox the password is transmitted in plain text over the network
What is the issue with FTP
FTP offers a weak security mechanism to authenticate users.
What is SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol is a protocol exchanged management information between the network devcies
Name 2 components used in SNMP
- Central system which is the Manager
- SNMP agent which is devices communicating with the manager
What is NMS
Network Management System which run queries built into the application.
How does SNMP and NMS work together
They work together to monitor all devices on the network such as switches, routers, hubs, servers and printers
What are the commands for SNMP (4)
- Get
- Get Next
- Set
- Walk
What is MIBs
Management Information Base is when you have a giant list and need to know how to manage it
What are SNMP Communities
SNMP communities are logical grouping systems. The communities are configured with same labelling
What does SNMPv3 provide
It provides authentication and encryption
What is LDAP
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol to provide a mechanism to access and query directory service systems
What is SMB
Server Block Message is a network providing resources such as files and printers running on Windows.
What is syslog
A Unix system to write messages to log files
SMTPS
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Secure (SMTPS) uses TLS to provide authentication. It wraps the data in TLS providing integrity and confidentiality
What is LDAPS
LDAP over SSL. Upon connecting the client and server establishes a TLS session before any messages.
What is SQL
Structured Query Language is a database language. It allows queries to be configured in real time and passed to the database
What is RDP
Remote Desktop Protocol is used on a Windows environment for remote connection. RDP operates the server as if it was a local client called thin client computing
How does RDP work
RDP does not send actual data only screenshots and keystrokes
What is SIP
Session Initiation Protocol which designed to establish and maintain multimedia in the application layer
