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[MT 6320] Clinical Bacteriology Lecture > [2S] UNIT 3.2 Gram (+) Cocci - Streptococci > Flashcards

[2S] UNIT 3.2 Gram (+) Cocci - Streptococci Flashcards

1
Q

GENERALITIES

Belong to the family Streptococcaceae

A

Streptococcus and Enterococcus spp.

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2
Q

GENERALITIES

Gram (+) cocci in chains, except

A

S. pneumoniae (diplococci)

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3
Q

GENERALITIES

T/F: Streptococci behave like facultative anaerobes

A

T

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4
Q

GENERALITIES

Grow in the presence of oxygen but are unable to
use oxygen for respiration, hence, they are considered aerotolerant anaerobes

A

Streptococcus

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5
Q

GENERALITIES

Can metabolize sugar in the presence or absence of oxygen

A

Streptococcus

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6
Q

GENERALITIES

Major end product of Strep

A

Carbohydrates metabolized fermentatively with lactic acid (gas is not produced)

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7
Q

GENERALITIES

T/F: Strep are non-motile and non-spore formers

A

T

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8
Q

GENERALITIES

Result of strep to catalase test

A

Negative, gram (+) cocci (pairs / chains)

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9
Q

GENERALITIES

T/F: A negative catalase test result differentiates
streptococci and enterococci from staphylococci. Weak false-positive catalase reactions can be seen when growth is taken from media containing blood, owing to the peroxidase activity of hemoglobin

A

T

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10
Q

GENERALITIES

Compared with the cells of other gram-positive cocci,
those of enterococci and some streptococci appear more ______ than spherical. The streptococcal cells are more likely to appear in chains when grown in broth cultures

A

elongated

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11
Q

GENERALITIES

T/F: Some may require 5-10% CO2 for growth (some can be capnophilic)

A

T

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12
Q

GENERALITIES

Sole product of glucose fermentation is lactic acid and no gas formation

A

Homofermentative

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13
Q

GENERALITIES

Poor growth on nutrient media (e.g., trypticase soy
agar): More pronounced growth on media enriched with blood or serum.

A

Streptococcus

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14
Q

GENERALITIES

Colonies are usually small and transparent.

A

Streptococcus

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15
Q

GENERALITIES

If you want to grow Streptococcus spp. you may use “______ ____ system”

A

candle jar

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16
Q

Medium required for strep & entero

A

Enriched / Supportive : BAP (w/ Antibiotics)

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17
Q

T/F: Streptococcus & Enterococcus are susceptible to Vancomycin

A

T

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18
Q

Causes a wide spectrum of infections, such as UTIs,
sepsis, pharyngitis, endocarditis, tissue abscess, meningitis, rheumatic fever, and impetigo

A

Streptococcus & Enterococcus

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19
Q

T/F: Classification to Enterococcus is simpler compared to Staphylococcus which is diverse

A

F; Classification to Staphylococcus is simpler compared to Enterococcus which is diverse

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20
Q

CLASSIFICATION OF STREPTOCOCCI AND
ENTEROCOCCI

Basis of sherman’s classification wherein Streptococci and
Enterococci are group as pyogenic, viridans, lactic, and enterococcal

A

Physiological Characteristics

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21
Q

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

grows at 37°C; pus forming

A

Pyogenic

22
Q

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

grows at 37°C and 45°C and alpha hemolytic

A

VIridans

23
Q

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

grows at 10°C and 37°C

A

Lactic

24
Q

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

grows at 10°C, 37°C, and 45°C

A

Enterococcal

25
Q

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

S. pyogenes

A

Pyogenic

26
Q

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

S. salivarius, S. mutans, S. mitis, S. sanguis

A

Viridans

27
Q

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

S. lactis

A

Lactic

28
Q

PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

E. faecalis*, E. faecium, E. durans, E. avium

A

Enterococcal

29
Q

The members of Streptococci and Enterococci can be
differentiated or distinguished based on a certain cell wall component found in these groups of organisms

A

Rebecca Lancefield Classification

30
Q

Basis: Grouped based on the cell wall polysaccharide
(Common C Carbohydrate) Antigen and cell wall teichoic acids
- Reaction to Lancefield’s Anti-sera

A

Rebecca Lancefield Classification

31
Q

REBECCA LANCEFIELD CLASSIFICATION

cell wall polysaccharide

A

A, B, C, F, and G

32
Q

REBECCA LANCEFIELD CLASSIFICATION

cell wall teichoic acids

A

D and Enterococcus

33
Q

2 members of streptococci not classified under rebecca lancefield

A

Viridans streptococci
Streptococcus pneumoniae

34
Q

CLASSIFICATION OF STREPTOCOCCI AND
ENTEROCOCCI

Basis: Hemolytic Patterns

A

Brown’s Classification

35
Q

BROWN’S CLASSIFICATION

partial hemolysis

A

α

36
Q

BROWN’S CLASSIFICATION

complete zone of hemolysis

A

β

37
Q

BROWN’S CLASSIFICATION

non-hemolytic

A

ɣ

38
Q

BROWN’S CLASSIFICATION

wide zone alpha hemolytic

A

α’

39
Q

BROWN’S CLASSIFICATION

○ Partial hemolysis in inner zone
○ Complete hemolysis in outer zone

A

α’

40
Q
  • Group A Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus
  • Colonizes skin & throat
A

Streptococcus pyogenes

41
Q

Antigenic Structure: Gr (+) cell wall (peptidoglycan) and presence of M protein

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

42
Q

INFECTIONS

Grp A Streptococcal Infxn : Most common manifestation includes tonsilitis & pharyngitis

Strep Throat

A

Bacterial Pharyngitis

43
Q

INFECTIONS

Resembles pharyngitis with skin rash, desquamation of skin; “strawberry tongue”
- Production of erythrogenic toxin

A

PYODERMAL: Scarlet Fever

44
Q

INFECTIONS

Impetigo cellulitis, erysipelas

A

Pyodermal Infxn

45
Q

GENUS STREP

Flesh eating disease

A

Necrotizing Fascitis

46
Q

GENUS STREP

Suppurative Fasciitis, Hospital Gangrene, Necrotizing Erysipelas

A

Necrotizing Fascitis

47
Q

GENUS STREP

Necrosis of skin, subcutaneous fat and fascia

A

Necrotizing Fascitis

48
Q

GRP A STREP

Pyogenic Exotoxin A

A
49
Q

GRP A STREP

Acute Rheumatic Fever & Rheumatic Heart Disease : Fever, Arthralgia, Cardiac Valvular Disease

A

Postreptococcal Sequelae

50
Q

GRP A STREP

Acute Glomerulonephritis : Edema, Hypertension, Hematuria, Proteinuria & RBC Casts

A

Postreptococcal Sequelae

51
Q

Group A Strep DOC

A

Penicillin / Erythromycin

51
Q

Other infections : Otitis media, pneumonia, and bacteremia

A

Group A Strep

[MT 6320] Clinical Bacteriology Lecture (8 decks)

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