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[MT 6320] Clinical Bacteriology Lecture > [1S] UNIT 1.1 Historical Background Taxonomy > Flashcards

[1S] UNIT 1.1 Historical Background Taxonomy Flashcards

1
Q

Systematic study of organisms that are too small to be seen by the naked eye

A

Microbiology

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2
Q

Involves the study of:
• Bacteria
• Viruses
• Parasites
• Fungi

A

Microbiology

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3
Q

suggested disease is caused by “invisible living creatures”

A

Girolamo Fracastoro

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4
Q

introduced the Germ Theory

A

Girolamo Fracastoro

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5
Q

Father of Protozoology and Bacteriology

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

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6
Q

1st person to observe and describe microorganisms and called them as “animalcules”

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

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7
Q

Father of Modern Microbiology

A

Louis Pasteur

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8
Q
  • Disproved Spontaneous Generation
  • Proponent of Biogenesis
A

Louis Pasteur

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9
Q
  • Creation of Attenuated Vaccines
  • Fermentation
  • Pasteurization
A

Louis Pasteur

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10
Q

developed the antiseptic system of surgery

A

Joseph Lister

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11
Q
  • Discovery of Bacillus anthracis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • Culture of Bacteria using media
A

Robert Koch

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12
Q

Use of Agar and Petri Dish in Cultivating Bacteria

A

Robert Koch

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13
Q

KOCH’S POSTULATES

T/F: Microorganism must be observed in every case of the disease

A

T

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14
Q

KOCH’S POSTULATES

T/F: It must be isolated and grown in mixed culture

A

F; pure culture

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15
Q

KOCH’S POSTULATES

T/F: The pure culture, when inoculated in animals, must reproduce the disease

A

T

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16
Q

KOCH’S POSTULATES

T/F: Microorganism must be recovered from the diseased animal

A

T

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17
Q

discovered salvarsan to treat syphilis

A

Paul Ehrlich

18
Q

Discovered penicillin

A

Alexander Fleming

19
Q

An area of science that deals with the study of 3 distinct but interrelated disciplines (classification, nomenclature, ID)

A

Taxonomy

20
Q

Polyphasic Taxonomy is based on (3)

A

• Genotypic (Genetic make-up) Characteristics
• Phenotypic Characteristics
• Phylogenetic (Evolutionary Relationships)

21
Q

MALDI-TOF MS stands for

A

Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

22
Q

“Father of Taxonomy”
Binomial classification

A

Carolus Linnaeus

23
Q

BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE: WHEN WRITING SCIENTIFIC NAMES…..

T/F: Nomenclature is limited to two taxa: genus and species.

A

T

24
Q

BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE: WHEN WRITING SCIENTIFIC NAMES…..

T/F: First letter of the Genus is lowercase and can be
abbreviated.

A

F; capitalized

25
Q

BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE: WHEN WRITING SCIENTIFIC NAMES…..

T/F: Species names start using lowercase letters.

A

T

26
Q

BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE: WHEN WRITING SCIENTIFIC NAMES…..

T/F: Both components are italicized or underlined.

A

T

27
Q

BASIS: Cellular organism (whether unicellular or multicellular) and nutritional pattern

A

Robert Whittaker

28
Q

Introduced the 5 kingdom system

A

Robert Whittaker

29
Q

What are the 5 kingdom system?

A

○ Monera/Prokaryotae
○ Fungi
○ Protistae
○ Animalia
○ Plantae

30
Q

● BASIS: Cellular organization and function
● Simplified the classification of Robert Whittaker

A

Carl Woese

31
Q

What are the 3 domain systems by Carl Woese?

A

Bacteria
Eukaria
Archaea
(BEA)

32
Q

HIERARCHICAL CLASSIFICATION

composed of similar divisions

A

Kingdom

33
Q

HIERARCHICAL CLASSIFICATION

have a common attribute

A

Family

34
Q

HIERARCHICAL CLASSIFICATION

The most basic taxonomic group

A

Species (Epithet)

35
Q

SUBSPECIES

organism population that is differentiated from populations within species

A

Strains

36
Q

SUBSPECIES

variant prokaryotic strains characterized by biochemical or physiological differences

A

Biovars

37
Q

SUBSPECIES

variation in serological reactions; strains with distinctive antigenic properties

A

Serovars

38
Q

NOMENCLATURE

Family name is capitalized and ends in

A

–aceae

39
Q

NOMENCLATURE

Order name ends in

A

–ales

40
Q

NOMENCLATURE

Tribe Names end in

A

-eae

41
Q

TAXONOMY

T/F: In transferring a species from one genus to another, the species is retained. (Campylobacter pylori&raquo_space; Helicobacter pylori)

A

T

42
Q

TAXONOMY

T/F: The type strains of organisms are deposited in reference type culture collections such as ATCC and NTCC.

A

T

[MT 6320] Clinical Bacteriology Lecture (2 decks)

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