2nd Year Christmas Tests Flashcards
Name 2 pricing strategies
Cost plus pricing and competitive pricing
Define the term taxation
Taxation is the way the government collects money to pay for public services.
The Office of the Revenue Commissioners (‘Revenue’ for short) is the state body responsible for collecting all taxes in the Republic of Ireland.
Define the term current expenditure
Current expenditure: Money spent by the government on a regular or ongoing basis.
The majority of government current expenditure involves day-to-day spending on essential public services, including health, education, security, etc. wages for public sector
Define the term capital expenditure
Capital expenditure: Spending on ‘once-off’ projects or on infrastructure that will
have long-term benefits for the country.
Explain the terms industrial relations
Industrial relations refers to the relationship that exists between employers and their employees in the workplace.
Define the term industrial disputes
It is when you and your boss don’t have a good relationship and can lead too staff turnover and overtime ban
Outline why current expenditure increases
Current expenditure may increase if the country/household decides decides to spend it on a big project but other areas will be affected. Eg raising the amount of money in the pension might mean nurses get paid less
Explain the difference between a financial,cultural and social enterprise
A financial enterprises goal is to make a profit eg. McDonald’s a benefit of it is that it creates jobs, a cultural enterprises goal is to promote arts,heritage,traditional sports,theatre and music. Eg. GAA. And a social enterprises main goal is to help the community and the people in it eg UNICEF
Define the term the national budget
The national budget is the government’s financial plan for the year ahead. It shows
expected revenue and planned expenditure.
Define the term opportunity cost
The opportunity cost is the item we must go without when we have to make a choice.
Define the term surplus
A surplus occurs when planned income is greater than planned expenditure.
Define the term deficit
A deficit occurs when planned expenditure is greater than planned income.
Define the term inflation
Inflation is a sustained increase in the general level of prices of goods and services from one year to the next.
Name and explain 1 impacts of inflation on business
Workers may demand wage increases so that they can afford the same amount of goods and services as they did before inflation.
Name and example 1 impact of inflation on households
Inflation reduces the purchasing power of money. Higher prices means that consumers will not be able to buy as many goods and services, which will result in a lower standard of living.
How do we measure inflation
The official rate of inflation is measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI).
List 3 other economic indicators
Employment levels, National income, Interest rates
Define the term a trade union
A trade union is an organisation that represents workers, protects their rights and negotiates with employers on pay and conditions of work.
Name and explain 2 rights of an employee
Receive at least the legal minimum wage - employees should always receive a fair day’s pay for a fair day’s work and they should Receive a written contract of employment