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Physical Science > 2nd Semester Test > Flashcards

2nd Semester Test Flashcards

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1
Q

The amount of distance over time and does NOT show direction

A

Speed

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2
Q

measures the path taken

A

distance

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3
Q

an objects change in position relative to a reference point

A

motion

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4
Q

the change in position of an object

A

displacement

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5
Q

is the curved path an object follows when thrown, launched, or otherwise projected near the surface of Earth. Applies to objects that are moving in two dimensions under the influence of gravity. as two components—horizontal and vertical. The two components are independent.

A

projectile motion

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6
Q

a combination of all forces acting upon an object

A

net force

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7
Q

the energy that is transferred as electromagnetic waves, such as visible light and infrared waves

A

radiation

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8
Q

is the movement of matter due to differences in density that are caused by temperature variations.

A

convection

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9
Q

transfer of energy as heat through a material

A

conduction

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10
Q

poor conductors

A

insulator

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11
Q

any material through which energy can be easily transferred as heat

A

conductor

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12
Q

an object at rest remains at rest and an object in motion maintains its velocity unless it experiences an unbalanced force

A

Newtons first law

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13
Q

keyboard, mouse, mic

A

computer input devices

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14
Q

The gravitational force an object experiences because of its mass, weight = mass x free-fall acceleration w=mg

A

weight equation

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15
Q

increases as mass increases and decreases as distance decreases

A

what increases gravity

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16
Q

rubber, wood

A

insulators

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17
Q

phone, computer, satellite

A

telecommunication devices

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18
Q

the time it takes a complete cycle or wave oscillation to occur

A

period

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19
Q

a machine made up of one or more simple machines

A

compound machine

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20
Q

the bending of a wavefront as the wavefront passes between two substances in which the speed of the wave differs

A

refraction

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21
Q

the bouncing back of a ray of light, sound, or heat when the ray hits a surface that it does not go through

A

reflection

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22
Q

any interference in which waves combine so that the resulting wave is bigger than the original waves.

A

constructive interference

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23
Q

sometimes known as the method of adding waves

A

principle of superstition

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24
Q

When two waves of slightly different frequencies interfere with each other, they produce

A

beats

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25
Q

is when one force is greater than the other causing it to go in that particular direction

A

unbalanced forces

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26
Q

a quantity that measures the rate at which work is done or energy is transformed

A

power

27
Q

measures the distance between two equivalent parts of a wave

A

wavelength

28
Q

a set of instructions or commands that tell the computer what to do

A

software

29
Q

the rate at which velocity changes over time

A

acceleration

30
Q

waves that require a medium

A

mechanical waves

31
Q

a wave in which the particles of the medium move perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling

A

transverse

32
Q

a wave in which the particles of the medium move parallel to the direction the wave is traveling

A

longitudinal wave

33
Q

consists of oscillating electric and magnetic fields, which radiate outward at the speed of light.

A

electromagnetic wave

34
Q

occur at the boundary of two mediums such as water and air

A

surface wave

35
Q

what are the two families of simple machines

A

lever family and inclined plane family

36
Q

energy cannot be created nor destroyed

A

law of conservation of energy

37
Q

9.8 m/s2 if you disregard all air resistance and friction

A

free- fall acceleration near earths surface

38
Q

modified inclined plane

A

wedge

39
Q

equals distance over time or – v=d/t

A

equation for average speed

40
Q

a constant acceleration in a circle and a constant speed

A

uniform circular motion

41
Q

resists the initiation of sliding motion between two surfaces that are in contact and at rest

A

static friction

42
Q

the transfer of energy to a body by the application of a force that causes the body to move in the direction of the force

A

Work

43
Q

energy at rest or stored energy

A

potential energy

44
Q

change from mechanical energy due to friction or air resistance

A

nonmechanical energy

45
Q

The energy of a moving object due to the object’s motion is called

A

kinetic energy

46
Q

sum of potential and kinetic energy in a system

A

nonmechanical energy

47
Q

the measure of how hot or cold something is

A

temperature

48
Q

is defined as the quantity of heat required to raise a unit mass of homogenous material 1 K or 1°C in a specified way given constant pressure and volume.

A

specific heat

49
Q

energy transfer is accomplished by radiation and convection

A

passive solar heating system

50
Q

because it uses energy from another source, such as electricity, to move the heated water.

A

active solar heating system

51
Q

heat transfer

A

heat always goes from an object with a higher temp to a lower one

52
Q

usually, travel through a solid medium

A

sound waves

53
Q

waves are caused by what

A

a vibrating object

54
Q

the highest point in a transverse wave

A

crest

55
Q

the lowest point in a transverse wave

A

trough

56
Q

number of cycles or vibrations per unit of time

A

frequency

57
Q

is an observed change in the frequency of a wave when the source or observer is moving.

A

doppler effect

58
Q

a set of rules used to interpret data that conveys info

A

code

59
Q

anything used to guide, direct, or warn

A

signal

60
Q

a signal whose properties such as amplitude and frequency can change continuously in a given range

A

analog signal

61
Q

a signal that can be represented as a sequence of discreet values

A

digital signal

62
Q

the sending of visible and audible info by electronic means

A

telecommunication

63
Q

a part or piece of equipment that makes up a computer

A

hardware

Physical Science (3 decks)

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