2nd semester exam Flashcards
what is a tyrant
an illegitimate ruler who seized power, but usually rules with popular assent
what is a hoplite
a spartan foot soldier
what is phalanx
a formation with shields and spears at the front to skewer oncoming enemies
3 major Hellenistic dynesties
antigonus, seleucas, ptolemy
dates of the antigonus dynasty
323-168 BC
dates of the seleucas dynasty
323-63 BC
dates of the ptolemy dynasty
323-30 BC
dates and importance of the battle of Chaeronea
338 BC, it brought Greece under Macedonian control, Greece would not be independent again for thousands of years
prior to the agriculteral revolution how did humans live?
in hunter-gatherer tribes/nomadic tribes
what was the 1st empire
the akkadian empire
sumerian temples are called
ziggarats
era prior to written history is
pre-history
where do we get info about the peloponnesian war
Thucydides
year of battle of Gaugamela and its significance
331 BC, it was the battle in which Alexander completed his conquest of the Persian empire
year of the battle of marathon
490 BC
who is king Leonidas?
He was king of Sparta who died in the Battle of Thermopylae
what battle ended the Peloponnesian War
the battle of Aegospotami
Athenian law givers are
drakon and solon
when is greek colonization at its peak?
8th-7th century
pyramid building was perfected in what kingdom
the old kingdom
sumerians, Hittites, and Greeks arranged themselves into what kinds of society
city-states
the Peloponnesian war was between which 2 leagues
the Delian league and the Peleponnnesian league
what is Hellenism
greek culture
what is aristocracy
rule of the best
what does “Magna Graecia” refer to
refers to the prominent greek cities along the southern Italian coast
years of Babylonian exlie
598-538 BC
which pharoah was monotheistic
akhenaten/amenhotep IV
what does civitas mean
city
oldest epic?
gilgamesh
year athens becomes a democracy
508 BC
democracy?
rule of the people
capital of the Hittite empire
Hattusa
when was the battle of salamis and its significance
480 BC, important because it was a turning point in the war for the Greeks helping them win the 2nd persian invasion, and a greek victory against persia
year of the battle of Qadesh and who it was between
1285 BC, between Egyptians and Hittites
years of Peloponnesian War
431-404 BC
diadochi war?
war between the successors of alexander over who would rule his empire
which athenian tyrant was driven out and who was his father
Pisistratus, his father was Hippocrates
3 kings of Israel are?
Saul, David, and Solomon
Agriculteral Revolution led to a surplus of food which allowed for
specialization
Date of beginning of history
3000 BC
sumerian writing is called
cuneiform
year israelites entered canaan?
1200 BC
date of 1st Persian Invasion and the king of persia at the time
490, Darius
date of 2nd Persian Invasion and the king of persia at the time
480, Xerxes
what does -lithic mean
stone
oligarchy?
rule of the few
who was Hammurabi, why is he important, dates of his rule
-he was king of Babylon
-he had the oldest most complete law code we
have,
-he ruled 1792-1750 BC
who founded the Akkadian Empire
Sargon
date of the end of the new kingdom
1070 BC
date of the beginning of the old kingdom
2649 BC
what are the names of the 2 kingdoms israel split into
Judah and israel
when did the Kingdom of Judah end and why
598 BC, Babylon captured it
when did the kingdom of israel end and why
722 BC, Assyria conquered it
plutocracy?
rule of the rich
dates of Alexander the Great
336-323 BC
spartan law giver/constitution
Lycourgas
what are the Phoenicians known for
purple dye and inventing the alphebet
where do we get our info about the Persian War
Herodotus
which people founded Carthage
Phoenicians
what was the Agriculteral Revolution and when did it happen
When people started to farm and domesticate animals, instead of hunting and gathering
10,000 BC
who was Alexander’s father
Phillip II
