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Science 9 > 2nd Qt. > Flashcards

2nd Qt. Flashcards

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1
Q

max valence electrons

A

8

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2
Q

wheres is the valence found?

A

in the outermost shell

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3
Q

more electrons near the nucleus (atomic theory)

A

quantum mechanical model

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4
Q

a.k.a. cloud model

A

quantum mechanical model

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5
Q

positive nucleus

A

rutherford’s atomic model

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6
Q

small spheres with diff properties per element

A

john dalton’s atomic theory

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7
Q

plum pudding model (cookie model)

A

jj thompsons atomic theory

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8
Q

planetary model

A

Bohr’s atomic model

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9
Q

transfer of electrons

A

Ionic bond

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10
Q

sharing of electrons

A

covalent bonds

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11
Q

protons floating in a sea of electrons

A

metallic bond

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12
Q

metals (lose or gain)

A

lose

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13
Q

why do ionic bonds have high melting points?

A

because they have strong attraction (requires more heat to melt)

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14
Q

nonmetals (lose or gain)

A

gain

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15
Q

properties of metals

A

solid, conductors, smooth, malleable, ductile (can turn into wires)

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16
Q

properties of non metals

A

liquid/gas, insulator, brittle, no luster

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17
Q

how many bonds does covalent have?

A

3 (single, double, triple bonds)

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18
Q

the heat required to melt a single mole of solid under constant pressure

A

enthalpy of fusion

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19
Q

the required to vaporize one mole of liquid under constant pressure

A

enthalpy of vaporazition

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20
Q

T/F: Ionic compounds can conduct electricity

A

True, when submerged in saltwater solution

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21
Q

type of bond that exists between 2 nonmetals

A

covalent

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22
Q

type of bond that exists between a metal and a nonmetal

A

ionic

23
Q

type of bond that exists between 2 metals

A

metallic

24
Q

properties of ionic bonds

A

Hard and brittle, can conduct electricity (on saltwater), form crystals, high melting/boiling points

25
Q

properties of covalent compounds

A

low melting points, soft, not conductors, less soluble in water

26
Q

types of covalent bonds

A

nonpolar (equal sharing), polar (unequal sharing of electrons)

27
Q

greater than 2.0

A

ionic bond

28
Q

0.4 - 2.0

A

polar covalent bond

29
Q

less than 0.4

A

nonpolar covalent bond

30
Q

combined metals (product of metallic bonds)

A

alloys

31
Q

atoms that are free to move

A

delocalized electrons

32
Q

T/F: metallic bonds are held together by strong forces of attraction

A

True

33
Q

An element with a crystal structure that has an atomic no. of 6, and is solid

A

Carbon

34
Q

compounds that only contain hydrogen and carbon (eg: fossil fuels)

A

Hydrocarbons

35
Q

compounds that have a carbon bond or link

A

Organic compounds

36
Q

carbon in diff forms are called:

A

Allotropes

37
Q

Allotropes of carbon

A

Amorphous, graphite, diamond, white carbon

38
Q

free reactive carbons w/ no crystalline structure (paints, inks, rubber products)

A

Amorphous

39
Q

squeezed graphite under tremendous temperature and pressure (jewelry)

A

diamond

40
Q

a.k.a. Chaoite, can split 2 beams of light through birefringence

A

White carbon/chaoite

41
Q

diff carbons

A

hydrocarbons, organic compounds, allotropes of carbon

42
Q

Classes of organic compounds

A 
hydrocarbons
carboxylic acids
alcohols
aldehydes & ketones
amines
esters
ethers
43
Q

classes of hydrocarbons

A

aromatic

aliphatic (straight chains/branches): alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, cycloalkanes

44
Q

simplest family of hydrocarbons (single bonds)

eg: methane

A

Alkanes

45
Q

has rings

eg: antibiotics, sugars, hormones…

A

cycloalkanes

46
Q

a. k.a. olefins (double bonds)

eg: ethene, industrial products

A

Alkenes

47
Q

Stable, sweet-smelling, carcinogenic hydrocarbons

A

Aromatic hydrocarbons

48
Q

pleasant smelling, colorless, volatile liquids

A

ethers

49
Q

T/F:
carbon atoms↑
solubility of ethers↓

A

true

50
Q

potentially lethal by-products that may form in the blood

A

Ketones (ketosis)

51
Q

pleasant-smelling carboxylic acids

A

esters

52
Q

law that says:

1 mole = 6.022 x 10²³

A

Avogadro’s Law

53
Q

colorless, odorless solids

eg: dopamine

A

Amines

54
Q 
mul = calculate the #of atoms/mol/ions
div = calculate the # of moles
A 
mul = calculate the #of atoms/mol/ions
div = calculate the # of moles

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