2f- Respiration

Question 1

What is respiration and why is it essential for living organisms?

Answer 1

A: Respiration is the process by which energy is released from glucose to produce ATP, which is used for cellular activities like muscle contraction, nerve transmission, and biosynthesis.

Question 2

Aerobic Respiration:

Answer 2

Requires oxygen. Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy (ATP). Produces more energy and occurs in mitochondria.

Question 3

Anaerobic Respiration:

Answer 3

Does not require oxygen.

In animals: Glucose → Lactic acid + Energy (less ATP)

In plants and yeast: Glucose → Ethanol + Carbon dioxide + Energy

Question 4

What is ATP and why is it important?

Answer 4

A: ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is the energy currency of cells, storing and supplying energy for various cellular processes.

Question 5

What are the practical experiments to investigate respiration?

Investigating Carbon Dioxide Release in Respiring Seeds:

Answer 5

Method: Place germinating seeds in a sealed container with limewater or hydrogen carbonate indicator.

Positive Result: Limewater turns cloudy or the indicator changes from red to yellow, indicating CO₂ production.

Negative Result: No change in color means no CO₂ was released.

Question 6

What are the practical experiments to investigate respiration?
Investigating Heat Release During Respiration:

Answer 6

Investigating Heat Release During Respiration:

Method: Place germinating seeds in a vacuum flask with a thermometer and seal it. Compare with boiled seeds (control).

Positive Result: Temperature increases, indicating heat release from respiration.

Negative Result: No temperature change in the control, as boiled seeds are no longer respiring.

Question 7

Why does anaerobic respiration produce less energy than aerobic respiration?

Answer 7

A: Anaerobic respiration is less efficient because glucose is only partially broken down, producing less ATP.