2d. Movement of substances into and out of cells

Question 1

What is osmosis?

Answer 1

A passive net movement of water molecules from a high water concentration to low water concentration through a partialy permeable membrane.

Question 2

What is diffusion?

Answer 2

Passive net movement of particles down the concentration gradient (from high concentration to low concentration) until equilibrium

Question 3

What is active transport?

Answer 3

Net moement of molecules and substances against the concentration gradient (low to high) using energy in the form of ATP.

Question 4

What 3 factors affect the rate of movement?

Answer 4

Surface area to volume ratio
Concentration gradient
Tempretaure

Question 5

How does Surface Area affect the rate of movement?

Answer 5

As the surface area to volume ratio increases, the rate of movement will increase. This is because there is a larger surface area in which substances can move through, this increases the rate of movement.

Question 6

How does Temperature affect the rate of movement?

Answer 6

As temperature increases, the rate of movement will increase. This is because particles gain more kinetic energy and so will move faster, these increases the rate of movement.

Question 7

How does the Concentration Gradient affect the rate of movement?

Answer 7

As concentration gradient increases, the rate of movement will increase. This is because a stronger concentration gradient is present, this increases the rate of movement.