2C Photosynthesis

Question 1

Autotrophs

Answer 1

Produce their own food, using inorganic carbon and solar energy. Plants, algae, cyanobacteria.

Question 2

Heterotrophs

Answer 2

Intake food in the form of organic carbon, chemical energy. Humans, deer.

Question 3

Chemical equation of photosynthesis

Answer 3

6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight (energy) —> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 4

Photosynthesis

Answer 4

A process that captures solar energy and transforms it into chemical energy.

Question 5

Range of electromagnetic spectrum and visible light

Answer 5

EM spectrum: 10^-5 nm - 10^3 nm

visible light: 380-750nm

Question 6

How does energy change as wavelength increases?

Answer 6

Energy increases as the wavelength of light decreases and vice versa.

Question 7

Why do we see plants as mostly green?

Answer 7

Chlorophyll absorbs most other colors, reflects greens.

Question 8

What pigments are found in plants?

Answer 8

Chlorophyll A and B, carotenoids, anthocyanins do not perform photosynthesis.

Question 9

What is the role of NADP and NADPH?

Answer 9

NADP functions as an electron carrier, once hydrogen is accepted it forms NADPH. NADPH transports the hydrogen to the Calvin Cycle.

Question 10

Photosystem

Answer 10

A pigment complex that helps collect solar energy.

Question 11

First stage of Calvin Cycle

Answer 11

Carbon fixation is when CO2 is bound to a sugar with the enzyme RuBisCo, new molecule splits into two carbon molecules.

Question 12

Second stage of Calvin Cycle

Answer 12

Carbon reduction is when the end product of carbon fixation is transformed into G3P with ATP and NADPH.

Question 13

Third stage of Calvin Cycle

Answer 13

RuBP regeneration is when G3P is used to remake RuBP with the help of ATP.

Question 14

RuBisCo

Answer 14

Binds the CO2 and RuBP together

Question 15

PEP Carboxylase

Answer 15

Binds CO2 and a 4C sugar together.

Question 16

Photorespiration

Answer 16

When oxygen binds to RuBP instead of CO2. Happens on hot days when plants close stomata, CO2 does not enter.

Question 17

What is the source of of oxygen as a product?

Answer 17

Once sufficient energy is collected it is strong enough to break apart water into hydrogen and oxygen.

Question 18

G3P

Answer 18

Can be converted into many different molecules like fatty acids, carbohydrates, and amino acids.

Question 19

Hydrogen gradient

Answer 19

The hydrogen ions move through ATP synthase, transferring enough energy for ADP to turn into ATP.

Question 20

C3 photosynthesis

Answer 20

Do not have a way to avoid respiration, called C3 because after fixation, 3-PGA is the compound produced.

Question 21

C4 photosynthesis

Answer 21

Separates carbon fixation by location. Send the steps of photosynthesis to different cell types, starts in mesophyll cell, and malate is transferred to bundle sheath cell.

Question 22

CAM photosynthesis

Answer 22

Save water by separating the steps between night and day. Similar to C4 except that malate is stored overnight.