2A

Question 1

What is space and place?

Answer 1

• Space- exists between places and does not have any meaning
• Place- Space + meaning

Question 2

State how and why people perceive places in different ways based on their identity

Answer 2

GRASP
◦ Gender
◦ Religon
◦ Age
◦ Sexuality
◦ Purplish (role)

Question 3

Explain how and why people perceive places in different ways based on their age

Answer 3

Geographic features and facilities are perceived differently depending on age E.g. For a park
* Child: play area e.g. Ball games, have fun by playing on swings
* Teen: hang out with friends, different activities e.g. Skateboarding, freedom

Question 4

Explain how and why people perceive places in different ways based on their religion

Answer 4

Locations are given spiritual meanings by people, such as natural landscapes which are sacred to certain human groups

Religions such as Judaism, Christianity and Islam have given meanings to many places through the building of synagogues, churches and mosques

religious places are associated with refuge, peace and healing. People practise their religion at various shrines, wells and buildings
e.g. Lourdes in foothills of Pyrenees, France where people travel to bathe or drink spring water flowing from cave where visions of Virgin Mary took place and water claimed to have curative powers.

Question 5

Explain how and why people perceive places in different ways based on their gender

Answer 5

• Roles of men and women are reflected in the way they can move around and types of places they can use
  -traditionally many places have been defined as being male or female. A division along gender lines has been most apparent in the separation of public and private spaces.

Question 6

Explain how and why people perceive places in different ways based on their sexuality

Answer 6

sexuality influences the way in which people use places
* Acceptance of different sexualities is becoming more widespread, so some places acquire a meaning because they are where LGBTQ+ groups tend to cluster

Question 7

Explain how and why people perceive places in different ways based on their role performed

Answer 7

As we go through life, we gain and lose roles and therefore change our perceptions of a place

Question 8

State the factors that influence our emotional attachment to a place

Answer 8

memory
past experiences
historical understanding
shared identity

Question 9

Explain how level of emotional attachment to place can influence people’s behaviour and activities in a place. (6)

Answer 9

• memory: can receive memories and feelings as part of a group e.g. the very strong emotional attachments some sports fans feel to their team’s home ground,
• past experiences: if it is positive, we are likely to have strong emotional attachment to that place and vice versa e.g. positive experiences in home you grew up in will influence how you look after the local area e.g. not litter
• historical understanding: e.g. Auschwitz - where there was the largest Nazi concentration camp, millions of innocent people lost their lives, strong sense of emotional attachment

Question 10

Who are the Kurds?

Answer 10

-a people without a nation
-ethnic group of 30 million spread across a number of Middle Eastern countries e.g. Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey
-suffered persecution e.g. under regime of Saddam Hussein
-Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) use armed conflict to bring about a Kurdish nation, regarded as a terrorist organisation by USA and EU

Question 11

What is globalisation

Answer 11

increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of the world, economically, socially, politically, and culturally

Question 12

State how globalisation relates to a sense of place

Answer 12

it is a set of forces that are changing the ways in which people experience and understand places, both familiar and unfamiliar

recognise that different places and people are affected in different ways by globalisation

Question 13

What does global village mean?

Answer 13

World has become smaller because of greater inter- connectedness

Question 14

What has time spaced compression/global village occured

Answer 14

• communications and flow of goods are quicker and more reliable than ever before
• more people travel further and with increasing frequency
• BECAUSE of budget airlines e.g. Ryan air - ower costs have made it more accessible for people across all income levels (international level)

e.g. development and increased use of mobile phones, social media, internet

Question 15

What is time-spaced compression?

Answer 15

space is no longer the barrier it once was to communication and the movement of people, goods and ideas

Question 16

Explain how globalisation and time-space compression can influence a sense of place (6)

Answer 16

-communications and flow of goods are quicker and more reliable than ever before
-more people travel further and with increasing frequency
BECAUSE of budget airlines e.g. Ryan air - lower costs have made it more accessible for people across all income levels (international level)
e.g. cars decreased time taken to travel between places within countries/across neighbouring countries (national level)
e.g. development and increased use of mobile phones, social media, internet
e.g. in UK, local supermarket has food sourced from overseas and availability of foods such as strawberries or melons no longer depends on the season
e.g. shops, many goods we buy including clothes, come from countries on the other side of the globe

-for some people changes as a result of globalisation and time-space compression are easily accommodated and they benefit from them
-for others, the changes can be disturbing and mean they no longer feel at home in a location where they may have lived all their lives
-advantages from time space compression are not available equally to all people
-for those who are able to manipulate it to their own advantage, their sense of place fits with the idea of the global village e.g. in ACs, some EDCs
e.g. a teen in an AC travelling during a gap year
e.g. a currency trader in a bank in New York or London
-there are those who are unable to gain much from this and feel more controlled than controlling e.g. in LIDCs
e.g. a mother from an LIDC working away from her family in an AC (lack of sense of place, a lot of movement between places can make someone feel disconnected)
e.g. elite sportsperson from an LIDC