2.8 Cellular Respiration

Question 1

Define cellular respiration.

Answer 1

The controlled release of energy from organic compounds to produce ATP.

Question 2

How does ATP store and release energy.

Answer 2

ATP’s energy is stored in its third phosphate bond. By breaking this bond, ATP releases energy and becomes ADP.
ATP ADP+P

Question 3

What does heat have to do with ATP usage?

Answer 3

When energy from ATP is used from cells, it is ultimately converted to heat. Energy is released and not conserved such that ATP must be continuously produced.

Question 4

Define anaerobic respiration.

Answer 4

Incomplete intracellular breakdown of glucose or another organic compound in the absence of oxygen that releases energy; cellular respiration without oxygen.

Question 5

When is anaerobic respiration useful?

Answer 5

• When a short rapid burst of ATP production is needed
• When oxygen supplies run out in respiring cells
• In environments that are deficient of oxygen

Question 6

What are the products of anaerobic respiration in humans and yeast & plants?

Answer 6

Humans: glucose –(ADP->ATP)–> lactate

Yeast and plants: glucose –(ADP->ATP)–> ethanol + CO2

Question 7

What is yeast and where is it found?

Answer 7

Unicellular fungus that occurs naturally in habitats where glucose or other sugars are available

Question 8

What is it that limits the amount of anaerobic respiration that can take place?

Answer 8

There is a limit to how much lactate the human body can sustain.

Question 9

Write the chemical equation for aerobic respiration.

Answer 9

C6H12O6 + 6O2 –(ADP->ATP)–> 6CO2 + 6H20