27 - Human Evolution Flashcards
1
Q
What are the species in the Homo genus?
A
- homosapiens
- homo denisova
- homo neanderthalensis
2
Q
What are the species in the hominidae family?
A
- gorila
- homo
- bonobos
- chimpanzees
- organutangs
3
Q
What is in the homininae subfamily?
A
- gorillas
- homo
- bonobos
- chimps
4
Q
What is in the hominini tribe?
A
- humans
- bonobos
- chimpanzees
5
Q
Why is there more diversity between modern sub saharan africans than all other humans?
A
The group that left Africa may have been as small as 1000
6
Q
Where were Neanderthals found?
A
- europe
- some in Asia
7
Q
Why were Neanderthals only in south Europe?
A
- North Europe was covered in glaciers for a long time
8
Q
When did the initial introgression of Neanderthal DNA happen?
A
- once humans left Africa
9
Q
Explain Neanderthal and Denisovans habitat
A
They had a slight overlap
10
Q
Wha is the common ancestor of humans, neanderthals and denesovans?
A
homo erectus
11
Q
How can we tell evolution is happening in humans?
A
- compare the allele frequencies of two or more populations
12
Q
What is the effect of Neanderthal intergression on the CCR5-delta32 allele?
A
- produces a membrane receptor on our WBC
- It is the target of HIV
- deletion causes HIV to not be able to bind
- negative as they are at risk of other viruses now
13
Q
Explain genetic engineering and evolutionary medicine
A
- viral vector inserts allele copy
- incorporated into genome
- can excise old allele, so only new remains
- this is not passed to next generation
