Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

N5 Biology > 2.6b the need for transport in animals > Flashcards

2.6b the need for transport in animals Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does blood do?

A

allows substances to travel around the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Give examples of substances that are transported in the blood

A
  • oxygen
  • nutrients
  • carbon dioxide
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do red blood cells do?

A

transport oxygen around the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How do red blood cells transport oxygen around the body?

A

they contain a substance called haemoglobin that when in contact with oxygen becomes oxy-haemoglibin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How does the shape of red blood cells make them efficient at carrying oxygen?

A
  • biconcave shape

- increases the surface area allowing them to pick up oxygen by diffusion much faster

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How are white blood cells carried around the body?

A

in the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are white blood cells?

A

They are part of the immune system and they help the body fight infection and diseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the role of phagocytes in fighting pathogens?

A

they are non-specific immune cells which can engulf and digest pathogens in a process called phagocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Whats is the role of lymphocytes in fighting pathogens?

A

They produce proteins called antibodies that are specific to a foreign antigen (antibodies have a complimentary shape to the pathogen).
The antibodies target the cells for destruction.
The antibodies then bind to the pathogen to destroy it.

some antibodies remain in the body after the infection has gone which means you fight the infection off more quickly in the future. This makes you immune

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe the structure of arteries

A
  • thick muscular walls
  • narrow central channel
  • carry blood under high pressure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the structure of veins

A
  • thin walls
  • wide central channel
  • carry blood under low pressure
  • contains valves to prevent the back flow of blood
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe the structure of capillaries

A
  • form networks at organs and tissues
  • thin walled - they are only one cell thick
  • large surface area allowing exchange of materials between blood and body cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

where is the right atrium located on a diagram of the heart?

A

top left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

where is the right ventricle located on a diagram of the heart?

A

bottom left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

where is the left atrium located on a diagram of the heart?

A

top right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

where is the left ventricle located on a diagram of the heart?

A

bottom right

17
Q

Where is the vena cava located on a diagram of the heart and is it a vein or an artery?

A

top left leading into the right atrium. it is a vein

18
Q

Where is the pulmonary artery located on a diagram of the heart and is it a vein or an artery?

A

top left leading out of the right ventricle. it is an artery

19
Q

where is the pulmonary vein located on a diagram of the heart and is it a vein or an artery?

A

top right leading into the left atrium. it is a vein.

20
Q

where is the aorta located on a diagram of the heart and is it a vein or an artery?

A

top right leading out of the left ventricle. it is an artery

21
Q

what are coronary arteries?

A

arteries that supply the heart muscle with blood

22
Q

describe the flow of blood around the body and the heart

A 
oxygenated blood returns form the lungs
-in the pulmonary vein
-enters the left atrium
-into the left ventricle
-out through the aorta 
-to the body
deoxygenated blood returns for the body tissues
-in the vena cava
-enters the right atrium
-into the right ventricle
-out through the pulmonary artery
-to the lungs where it picks up oxygen
23
Q

describe the flow of oxygenated blood around the body and the heart

A

oxygenated blood returns form the lungs

  • in the pulmonary vein
  • enters the left atrium
  • into the left ventricle
  • out through the aorta
  • to the body
24
Q

describe the flow of deoxygenated blood around the body and heart

A

deoxygenated blood returns from the body tissues

  • in the vena cava
  • enters the right atrium
  • into the right ventricle
  • out through the pulmonary article
  • to the lungs where it picks up oxygen
25
Q

What is the role of the immune system?

A

to identify cells/ viruses that are not part of the body and destroy them

26
Q

What is an antigen?

A

a molecule that is present in all cells, it identifies which cells belong to an individual. Any cells with the wrong antigen will be destroyed

27
Q

Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?

A

arteries

28
Q

Which blood vessels carry blood into the heart?

A

veins

29
Q

Which blood vessels carry blood to and from the bodies cells?

A

capilleries

30
Q

What is the purpose of valves?

A

to prevent the back flow of blood.

31
Q

Name the substances transported in the blood and their transport route

A
  • nutrients-small intestine to all cells
  • nitrogenous wastes-all cells to kidneys
  • oxygen-lungs to all cells
  • carbon dioxide-all cells to lungs
  • hormones-glands to target organs
32
Q

What is blood made up of?

A
  • plasma
  • red blood cells
  • white blood cells
  • platelets
33
Q

Which type of white blood cell has the smallest nucleus?

A

phagocyte

34
Q

Which type of blood cell has the largest nucleus?

A

lymphocyte

35
Q

What colour is oxygenated blood?

A

bright red

36
Q

What colour is deoxygenated blood?

A

dark red

37
Q

What is the word equation for the change of oxygenated to deoxygenated haemoglobin?

A

in the lungs

Haemoglobin + oxygen —————->oxy-haemoglobin

38
Q

How do phagocytes “digest” pathogens?

A
  1. the cytoplasm of the phagocyte flows around the pathogens
  2. the pathogens are engulfed into a vacuole inside the phagocyte
  3. the phagocyte releases enzymes which digest the pathogens

N5 Biology (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions