26.3 cladistics 2

Question 1

in vertebrates the backbone is __________

Answer 1

a shared ancestral character

Question 2

whats a shared ancestral character

Answer 2

a a character that originated in an ancestor taxon

Question 3

in mammals, hair is a ________

all mammals have hair but their ancestors didn’t

Answer 3

shared derived character

Question 4

whats a shared derived character

Answer 4

shared by the organisms in the taxon but not in the common ancestor

• unique to particular clades

Question 5

in analyzing when certain characteristics evolved in which clade,

whats an outgroup

Answer 5

a basis of comparison

-a species or group that is known to have diverged before the lineage that is being studied

Question 6

what the ingroup

Answer 6

the species that is being studied

Question 7

sometimes scientists used____to show the amount of evolutionary change and the times at which events occurred

Answer 7

proportional branch lengths in phylogenetic trees