26.3 Biochem: Energy in food and the BMR

Question 1

What is macronutrition the study of?

what are micronutrients?

Answer 1

Obtaining energy to fuel normal activity

vitamins and minerals

Question 2

How much energy does a typical adult need per day? What is the output for this energy?

Answer 2

10MJ of dietary energy

all is radiated as heat

Question 3

What is the BMR?

Answer 3

A measurable quantity that is the minimum energy to sustain life

Question 4

How much does exercise usually contribute to TDEE?

Answer 4

20-40% (but needed for health and weight control)

Question 5

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

Answer 5

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only transformed

Question 6

What Is alcohol converted to? Then into?

Answer 6

Into acetate, then either used as energy or stored as fat

Question 7

What percentage of TDEE does SDE/post-prandial thermogenesis contribute to?

Answer 7

8-10%

Question 8

How is BMR measured?

Answer 8

In subjects at rest, 12 hrs after the last meal in a thermoneutral environment of 25-30 degrees C.

Question 9

What activities is BMR actually contributing too?

Answer 9

The energy to pump blood, sustain cellular processes and the minimal metabolic activity to maintain 37 degrees.

Question 10

What is the largest component of daily energy expenditure?

Answer 10

Basal metabolic rate