26.2 Biochem: Mitochondrial energy pathways

Question 1

What are the products/reducing powers that are generated through ox. phosp?

What series of reactions occur?

Answer 1

NADH, FADH2

Oxidation-reduction reactions

Question 2

Where are NADH and FADH2 oxidised to generate ATP?

Answer 2

In the electron transport chain in the inner membrane of mitochondria

Question 3

What are the major source of ROS?

Answer 3

Mitochondria

Question 4

What does the over-production of ROS cause and induce?

Answer 4

DNA damage, induces cell sensecence

Question 5

What does the pentose phosphate pathway generate? Why (2 roles)

Answer 5

NADPH for reductive biosynthesis of reduced glutathione (GSH), reductive biosynthesis of proteins/nucleic acids etc.

Question 6

Why does Warburg effect exist?

Answer 6

So cancer cells metabolically adapt to avoid cell senescence and promote cell growth and proliferation

Question 7

What is the shift that occurs allowing ATP to be generated differently in the Warburg effect?

Answer 7

A shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis (even if there is oxygen available)