2.6.2. Creatinine and Protein Supplements Flashcards
Recommended intake of protein
0.8 g/kg body (ideal body) weight/day
What are high quality proteins?
Where do we get them?
contain many essential amino acids (9)
His, Iso, Leu, Lys, Met, Phe, Thr, Trp, Val
usually from: dry beans and meat, chicken, or fish products
What are low quality proteins?
Where do we get them?
lacks some essential amino acids required for human diet
from: many vegetables
What happens in cases of high-protein diets, when very low in calories/protein of low quality or biologic value get a NEGATIVE NITROGEN BALANCE?
Body protein is degraded as AAs are converted to glucose. Even with high quality protein, ammonia and urea levels rise, putting stress on the kidneys.
What is the major end product of nitrogen metabolism? Follow the track of ammonia out of the body
Urea.
ammonia created by oxidative deamination reactions (involving amino acids), which can only be excreted as urea
this conversion is the urea cycle (ornithine cycle), which occurs in the liver
urea is excreted at the kidneys
Where did dietary standards come from?
Food and Nutrition Board (FNB) in 1940 came up with standards for war fighters
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI)
a system of nutrition recommendations from the institute of medicine
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
daily dietary intake level considered sufficient by the FNB to meet the requirements of nearly 97-98%. This does NOT take into account the physically active
RDA for men and women is what for protein?
.8 g of protein per kg body weight (.36g/lb)
RDA changes based on activity.
What is the protein RDA for people who have:
- Low to moderate activity
- Endurance training
- strength and weight training
- High energy with insufficient calories
low to moderate activity = 0.8-1.0 g/kg
endurance training = 1.2-1.4 g/kg
strength and weight training = 1.2-1.7 g/kg
high energy w/ insufficient calories = 1.5-2.0 g/kg
Effective limits on protein in a meal
anything above .25 +/- .05 g/kg/meal of protein will not given any significant benefit
this typically lands around 20-25 g per serving
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
amount of nutrition needed to meet about 50% of population’s needs
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)
reflects an intake range with a reduced risk of chronic disease
What percent energy of your total intake is protein?
protein = 10-35% total energy intake
Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL)
highest level of daily consumption that data so far have shown no side effects in humans without medical supervision when used indefinitely
insufficient data to define an upper limit for protein intake at this point in time