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MSK Week 6 > 2.6.1. ANAT LAB - Posterior Thigh and Pop Fossa > Flashcards

2.6.1. ANAT LAB - Posterior Thigh and Pop Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

Origin and insertion for semitendinosus

A

Origin - Ischial Tuberosity Insertion - Pes Anserinus

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2
Q

Innervation semitendinosus

A

Tibial nerve

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3
Q

Action of the semitendinosus

A

Flexion and internal rotation of the knee Extension of the hip

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4
Q

Semimembranosus O/I

A

O: Ischial tuberosity I: Medial Tibial Condyle

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5
Q

Action of the semimembranosus

A

Flexion and internal rotation of the knee, extension of the hip

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6
Q

Innervation semimembranosus

A

Tibial nerve

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7
Q

O/I of biceps femoris long head

A

O:Ischial tuberosity I: Head of fibula

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8
Q

Innervation of Biceps femoris long head

A

Tibial nerve

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9
Q

Action of biceps femoris long head

A

Flexion and external rotation of the knee and extension of the hip

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10
Q

O/I for biceps femoris short head

A

O: Linea aspera I: Head of the fibula

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11
Q

Innervation for biceps femoris short head

A

Common fibular nerve

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12
Q

Action of biceps femoris short head

A

Flexion and external rotation of the knee joint

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13
Q

Soleus O/I

A

O: Head of fibula and soleal line of tibia I: Calcaneal tuberosity via the Achilles Tendon

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14
Q

Innervation of the soleus

A

Tibial nerve

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15
Q

Action of the Soleus

A

Talocrural joint plantar flexion and knee flexion

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16
Q

Popliteus O/I

A

O: Laterla femoral condyle and lateral meniscus posterior horn I: Posterior tibial surface

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17
Q

Popliteus innervation

A

Tibial nerve

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18
Q

Action of the popliteus

A

Flexion and internal rotation of the knee

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19
Q

O/I of the plantaris

A

O: Lateral epicondyle of the femur I: Calcaneal tuberosity via achilles Tendon

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20
Q

Nerve of plantaris

A

Tibial nerve

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21
Q

Action of plantaris

A

Weakly assists the gastrocnemius

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22
Q

Origin/Insertion of the Sartorius

A

O: Anterior superior iliac spine I:Tibial tuberosity

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23
Q

Nerve for the Sartorius

A

Femoral nerve

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24
Q

Action of the Sartorius

A

Flexion, Abduction and external rotation of the hip. Flexion and internal rotation of the knee

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25
Q

Gracillus origin and insertion

A

O: Inferior pubic ramus I: pes anserine

26
Q

Gracillus innervation

A

Obturator nerve

27
Q

Action of Gracillus

A

Adduction and flexion of the hip Flexion and internal rotation of the knee

28
Q

What is the fascia lata?

A

Deep fascia of the thigh that encloses the large thigh muscles

29
Q

What is the iliotibial tract?

A

The fascia lata thickens laterally and is strengthened by additional reinforcing longitudinal fibers to form the iliotibial tract, a broad band of fibers that is the shared aponeurosis of the tensor fascia latae and gluteus maximus. It extends from the iliac tubercle to the anterolateral tubercle of the tibia

30
Q

Course of the superior gluteal nerve

A

enters the gluteal region through the greater sciatic foramen superior to the pisiformis. It courses laterally between the gluteus medius and minimus.

31
Q

What is innervated by the superior gluteal nerve?

A

the gluteus minimus, medius and the tensor fascia latae

32
Q

Course of the inferior gluteal nerve

A

As with the superior, enters the gluteal region via the greater sciatic foramen, but inferior to the pisiformis, and deep to the inferior portion of the gluteus maximus

33
Q

What is innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve

A

gluteus maximus

34
Q

Describe in general the sciatic nerve

A

Longest nerve in the body that extends from the lumbar and sacral plexuses to the thighs through the buttocks.

35
Q

What are the branches of the sciatic nerve

A

Tibial Nerve Common fibular nerve

36
Q

Describe the tibial nerve

A

medial larger branch of the sciatic and is the most superficial vessel we see when looking at the popliteal fossa (nerve, artery,and then vein).

37
Q

What is innervated by the tibial nerve?

A

It supplies the soleus, gastrocnemius, plantaris and popliteus

38
Q

Describe the common fibular nerve

A

lateral, smaller branch off of the sciatic.It follows closely the border of the biceps femoris

39
Q

What is innervated by the common fibular nerve?

A

Biceps femoris short head

40
Q

Describe the course of the femoral nerve

A

Largest branch of the lumbar plexus. Enters the femoral triangle lateral to the femoral vessels. At this point it divides into several branches to the anterior thigh muscles

41
Q

Describe the course of the saphenous nerve

A

Terminal branch of the femoral nerve that stays with the femoral vessels, travelling with them through the adductor canal and passes between the sartorius and gracillus.

42
Q

Describe the course of the obturator nerve

A

Runs along the lateral wall of the pelvis to the obturator canal. It divides here into anterior and posterior branches to supply medial thigh muscles.

43
Q

Describe the course of the femoral artery and what is supplies

A

Descends through the femoral triangle and then courses through the adductor canal. Terminates when it gets to the adductor hiatus where it becomes the popliteal artery. It supplies the anterior and anteromedial aspects of the thigh

44
Q

What are the lower extremity thigh compartments?

A

Anterior Medial Posterior

45
Q

What is the anterior compartment innervated by and what muscles does it contain?

A

Innervated by the femoral nerve - Includes the Pectineus, Iliopsoas, Sartorius, and quads

46
Q

What is the posterior compartment innervated by and what muscles does it contain?

A

Innervated by the tibial branch of the sciatic nerve MOSTLY. - Includes the biceps femoris (long head is tibial nerve, short head is common fibular), the semitendinosus and the semimembranosus

47
Q

What is the medial compartment innervated by and what muscles does it contain?

A

Innervated by the obturator nerve generally - Includes the Adductor Longus, Brevis and Magnus, the Gracillus, and the Obturator Externus

48
Q

Describe Hamstring strains and avulsions

A

Common in people who run or kick hard. Can cause avulsions (tears) if you exert too violently on the tendinous attachments of the hamstrings to the ischial tuberosity

49
Q

What is the trendelenberg test?

A

A person with a lesion to the superior gluteal nerve, when asked to stand on one leg, will have their pelvis descend due to the gluteus maximus and medius losing strength. This descent can also be due to a fracture in the greater trochanter.

50
Q

What is gluteal gait?

A

After the descent of the hip seen with the positive trendelenberg, the lower legs become essentially asymmetrical, causing the patient to lean away from the affected side in order to make the foot clear the ground. This waddling gait is called gluteal gait.

51
Q

Bursa?

A

Fluid filled “purse”

52
Q

Boundaries of the popliteal fossa

A

Biceps femoris, semimembranosus, gastrocnemius lateral and medial heads

53
Q

Contents of the popliteal fossa?

A

Tibial nerve, common fibular nerve, small saphenous vein popliteal artery/vein

55
Q
A
  1. Semitendinosus
  2. Semimembranosus
  3. Biceps femoris-long head
  4. Biceps femoris-short head
  5. Adductor magnus
  6. Gracilis
56
Q
A
  1. Biceps femoris
  2. Semitendinosus
  3. Semimembranosus
  4. Gastrocnemius (Lateral head)
  5. Gastrocnemius (Medial head)
57
Q
A
  1. Semimembranosus m.
  2. Biceps femoris (both heads) m.
  3. Plantaris m.
  4. Gastrocnemius m. (both heads)
59
Q
A
  1. Sciatic n.
  2. Common fibular (peroneal) n.
  3. Tibial n.
  4. Medial sural cutaneous n. (Medial root of sural n.)
  5. Sural Communicating Branch of Common Fibular (Peroneal) n. (Lateral root of sural n.)
60
Q
A
  1. Sartorius
  2. Gracilis
  3. SemiTendinosus

MSK Week 6 (19 decks)

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