260 Bellringer

Question 1

Right Lung

Answer 1

3 LOBES -> superior, middle, inferior
2 Fissures -> horizontal and oblique

Question 2

Left Lung

Answer 2

2 LOBES -> superior, inferior
1 Fissure -> oblique
2 Landmarks -> Cardiac notch, Lingula

Question 3

Right Lung Hilum

Answer 3

Bronchi -> Posterior
P. Arteries -> Superior
P. Veins -> Anterior + Inferior
(RA) (Right Artery is Anterior to Bronchi)

Question 4

Left Lung Hilum

Answer 4

Bronchi -> Middle
P. Arteries -> Superior
P. Veins -> Anterior + Inferior
(LS) (Left Artery is Superior to Bronchi)

Question 5

Grooves on Right Lung

Answer 5

Superior -> Esophagus
Anterior -> Superior vena cava
Arch/Posterior -> Azygos vein

Question 6

Grooves on Left Lung

Answer 6

Anterior -> Descending Aorta
Arch -> Arch of aorta

Question 7

Pleurae

Answer 7

Parietal - outer layer, adheres to thoracic wall
Visceral - inner layer, adheres to the external surface of lungs

Question 8

Divisions of the Parietal Pleura

Answer 8

Cervical (above the root of the neck)
Costal (lateral, by ribs)
Diaphragmatic (inferior)
Mediastinal (medial)

Question 9

Pleural space that the lungs fill into

Answer 9

Costodiaphragmatic recess

Question 10

External Layers of the Heart

Answer 10

Fibrous pericardium - Outer layer
Serous pericardium - The parietal layer lines the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium, visceral layer adheres to the surface of the heart

Question 11

Atrium VS Ventricle

Answer 11

Attriums RECIEVE blood, Ventricles DISCHARGE blood

Question 12

Chambers of the Heart

Answer 12

Right Atrium
Right Ventricle
Left Atrium
Left Ventricle

Question 13

Great Vessels of the Heart

Answer 13

Superior and Inferior Vena Cava
Aorta (Descending, Arch, Ascending)
Pulmonary Artery (Trunk, Left, Right)
Pulmonary Veins

Question 14

What demarcates the transition between the Ascending Aorta and the Arch of the Aorta

Answer 14

Sternal Angle

Question 15

Apex and Base of heart

Answer 15

Apex -> Left, Antero-Lateral Corner
Base -> Posterior, formed mostly by the left atrium

Question 16

Four Surfaces of the Heart

Answer 16

Anterior (Sternocostal) -> Right Ventricle
Inferior (Diaphragmatic) -> Left Ventricle, partly right ventricle
Right Pulmonary -> Right Atrium
Left Pulmonary -> Left Ventricle

Question 17

Interior Right Atrium

Answer 17

Sinus Venarum -> Smooth, posterior wall
Interatrial septum -> Wall between atriums
Fossa ovalis -> Remenant from fetal circulation
Rough Wall -> Pectinate muscles
Coronary Sinus Opening

Question 18

Right Atrioventricular Orifice

Answer 18

Guarded by the Tricuspid Valve
Valve comprised of 3 Cusps, tendinous cords, and 3 papillary muscles

Question 19

Interior Right Ventricle

Answer 19

Rough wall -> Trabeculae carneae
Interventricular Septum
Septomarginal Trabecula -> Moderator band

Question 20

Pulmonary valve

Answer 20

3 Cusps
Semilunar

Question 21

Interior Left Atrium

Answer 21

Semilunar depression -> Location of fossa ovalis
Two openings -> Pulmonary Veins and Left AV orifice

Question 22

Left Atrioventriular Orifice

Answer 22

Guarded by the Bicuspid Valve (Mitral)
The valve comprised of 2 Cusps, tendinous cords, and papillary muscles

Question 23

Interior Left Ventricle

Answer 23

Rough, muscular wall -> Trabeculae carneae
Walls are 2-3x thicker than the right ventricle

Question 24

Aortic valve

Answer 24

3 Cusps
Semilunar

Question 25

External Grooves of heart

Answer 25

Atrioventricular groove Interventricular groove

Question 26

Arteries of the heart

Answer 26

Right Coronary Artery - Sino-Atrial nodal Artery - Right Marginal Artery - Posterior Interventricular Artery Left Coronary Artery - Anterior Interventricular Artery - Circumflex Artery - Left Marginal Artery

Question 27

Veins of the heart

Answer 27

Coronary Sinus - Great cardiac vein - Middle cardiac vein - Small cardiac vein Anterior cardiac vein

Question 28

Arising from Aorta

Answer 28

Left Coronary Artery, Right Coronary Artery

Question 29

Branches of Right Coronary Artery

Answer 29

Sino-atrial nodal artery -> ascends towards SVC Right Marginal Artery -> travels towards apex Posterior Interventricular Artery -> runs along interventricular groove

Question 30

Branches of Left Coronary Artery

Answer 30

Circumflex branch of the LCA -> Travels deep to Left Auricle, deep to coronary sinus on posterior aspect Left Marginal Artery -> Branch of Circumflex Anterior Interventricular Artery -> runs along interventricular groove

Question 31

Cardiac Veins

Answer 31

Coronary Sinus -> atrioventricular groove on posterior aspect of the heart, opening in right atrium Great Cardiac vein -> Travels with anterior interventricular artery Middle Cardiac vein -> Travels with posterior IV artery Small cardiac vein -> Travels with RCA and right marginal artery Anterior Cardiac Veins

Question 32

Travel Buddies

Answer 32

Anterior interventricular artery + Great Cardiac vein Coronary Sinus + Circumflex branch of the LCA Middle cardiac vein + Posterior interventricular artery Small cardiac vein + Right coronary artery AND right marginal artery

Question 33

Brachiocephalic veins

Answer 33

SVC -> Left+Right Brachiocephalic vein -> Right subclavian, right internal jugular, left interal jugular, left subclavian

Question 34

Azygos Vein

Answer 34

Connects to posterior intercostal veins Connected by accessory azygos vein (superior), and hemi-azygos vein (posterior)

Question 35

Aortic blood pathways

Answer 35

Braciocephalic trunk -> Right subclavian a. and Right common carotid a. Left common carotid a. Left subclavian a.

Question 36

Ligamentum Arteriosum

Answer 36

Remnant from fetal circulation, bypass the lungs

Question 37

Decending aorta

Answer 37

Thoracic aorta Bronchial arteries Esophogeal arteries Posterior intercostal arteries Aortic hiatus